Studi Literatur Formulasi dan Karakterisasi Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN) untuk Meningkatkan Bioavailabilitas Obat
Abstract
ABSTRACT: Solubility and permeability are one of the main factors that regulate the rate and extent of drug absorption, where this factors affect drug bioavailability. Low drug solubility and permeability resulting in low drug bioavailability. To overcome this, modifications of the delivery system of the drugs can be made, such as Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN). SLN is a colloidal carrier consist of solid lipid and surfactant. The purpose of this review was to examine the SLN formula based on the solid lipid and surfactant, the preparation methods of SLN, and the characterization of SLN to improve drug bioavailability. Results of this review are: (1) In formulation of SLN the most important things to do are lipid screening based on the solubility of the drug in lipids and surfactant screening based on its ability to disperse lipids in the aqueous phase. (2) The selection of SLN preparation methods is based on the physical properties of the drugs such as thermal properties and solubility. (3) The ideal characterizations of SLN are particle size between 50 – 1000 nm, zeta potential value ± 30 mV, polydispersity index value is ˂0,7, and percent of entrapment efficiency is around 40 – 100%.
Keywords: Solid Lipid Nanoparticles, Formulation, Bioavailability
ABSTRAK: Kelarutan dan permeabilitas adalah salah satu faktor utama yang mengatur laju dan tingkat penyerapan obat, dimana faktor tersebut mempengaruhi bioavailabilitas obat. Kelarutan dan atau permeabilitas yang rendah menyebabkan bioavaialabilitas yang rendah. Salah satu cara untuk meningkatkan bioavailabilitas obat adalah dengan memodifikasi sistem penghantaran obat, contohnya yaitu Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN). SLN merupakan pembawa koloidal yang mengandung lipid padat dan surfaktan. Tujuan dari kajian ini adalah untuk mengkaji formula SLN ditinjau dari lipid padat dan surfaktannya, metode pembuatan SLN, dan karakterisasi SLN untuk meningkatkan bioavailabilitas obat. Hasil dari kajian ini adalah: (1) Pada formulasi SLN hal yang paling penting dilakukan adalah melakukan skrining lipid berdasarkan kelarutan zat aktif dalam lipid dan skrining surfaktan berdasarkan kemampuannya untuk mendispersikan lipid dalam fase air. (2) Pemilihan metode pembuatan SLN disesuaikan dengan sifat fisika dari zat aktif seperti sifat termal dan kelarutannya. (3) Karakterisasi SLN yang baik yaitu ukuran partikel 50 – 1000 nm, potensial zeta ± 30 mV, indeks polidispersitas ˂0,7, dan persen efisiensi penjerapan sekitar berkisar 40 – 100%.
Kata Kunci: Solid Lipid Nanoparticles, Formulasi, Bioavailabilitas
Keywords
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/.v0i0.29977
