Studi Literatur Beberapa Ekstrak dan Fraksi Tanaman yang Berpotensi untuk Mengatasi Batuk
Abstract
ABSTRACT: Cough is an effort to protect the body against excess mucus, abnormal substances, and foreign objects inhaled. Symptoms of respiratory diseases such as coughing and coughing with phlegm continue to increase every year. Treatment to overcome cough generally uses mucolytic, expectorant, and antitussive medicines. The purpose of this study is to find out the potential of some extracts and fractions of plants to overcome cough according to the literature as well as compounds that play a role in the activity to overcome cough. The research was conducted using literature studies methods in scientific journals on mucolytic, expectorant, and antitussive activities that have been published nationally and internationally. Based on the results of the literature search conducted against 12 journals, it is known that the extract and fraction of rosella petals; miana leaves; red betel leaves; a combination of coneflower, elderberry, liquorice, legundi, and ginger; basil leaves and red betel leaves; as well as cardamom seeds have mucolytic activity while meniran herb, aster root, syrian rue aerial part, combination of ivy and huang lian, silverweed root, as well as pomelo exocarpium have expectorant and antitussive activity so that potentially to overcome cough. Compounds that are suspected to play a role to overcome cough are flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids, tannins, terpenoids, astragalin quercetin, xylans, glycyrrhizin, liquiritin, apioside, liquiritigenin, cyanidin-3-glucoside, cyanidin-3-sambubioside, 6-gingerol, 6-shogaol, astersaponin, caffeoylquinic acid, aster peptide, alkaloid quinazoline, alkaloid beta-carboline, berberine, polysaccharide, and naringin.
Keywords: Cough, extract, fraction, plant
ABSTRAK: Batuk merupakan suatu upaya perlindungan tubuh terhadap adanya mukus berlebih, substansi abnormal maupun benda-benda asing yang terhirup. Gejala penyakit respirasi seperti batuk dan batuk berdahak terus meningkat setiap tahunnya. Pengobatan untuk mengatasi batuk umumnya menggunakan obat-obat mukolitik, ekspektoran, dan antitusif. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui potensi beberapa ekstrak dan fraksi tanaman untuk mengatasi batuk menurut literatur serta senyawa yang berperan dalam aktivitas untuk mengatasi batuk. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode studi literatur terhadap jurnal-jurnal ilmiah mengenai aktivitas mukolitik, ekspektoran, dan antitusif yang telah terpublikasi nasional maupun internasional. Berdasarkan hasil penelusuran pustaka yang dilakukan terhadap 12 jurnal diketahui bahwa ekstrak dan fraksi dari kelopak bunga rosella; daun miana; daun sirih merah; kombinasi coneflower, elderberry, liquorice, legundi, dan jahe; daun kemangi dan daun sirih merah; serta biji kapulaga memiliki aktivitas mukolitik sedangkan herba meniran, akar aster, bagian aerial syrian rue, kombinasi ivy dan huang lian, akar silverweed, serta eksokarpium jeruk bali memiliki aktivitas ekspektoran dan antitusif sehingga berpotensi untuk mengatasi batuk. Kandungan senyawa yang diduga berperan dalam aktivitas untuk mengatasi batuk yaitu flavonoid, saponin, alkaloid, tanin, terpenoid, astragalin quersetin, xylans, glycyrrhizin, liquiritin, apioside, liquiritigenin, cyanidin-3-glucoside, cyanidin-3-sambubioside, 6-gingerol, 6-shogaol, astersaponin, caffeoylquinic acid, aster peptida, alkaloid quinazoline, alkaloid beta-carboline, berberine, polisakarida, dan naringin.
Kata Kunci: batuk, ekstrak, fraksi, tanaman
Keywords
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/.v0i0.29052
