Kajian Pustaka Sistem Penghantaran Fitosom untuk Senyawa Antioksidan dari Bahan Alam
Abstract
ABSTRACT: Free radicals have a considerable impact on human health because they can cause disease. Compounds that can neutralize free radicals are antioxidant compounds from plants that contain polyphenolic, phenolic, flavonoid, and terpene compounds. These compounds are generally polar so they have poor absorption and low bioavailability when used orally or topically. The bioavailability of these compounds can be increased by phytosomes. This study aims to examine the formulation and characteristics of phytosomes and their application as a delivery system for antioxidant compounds. This research was conducted through literature research. Phytosomes are complexes between phytoconstituents or extracts with phospholipids obtained at certain molar ratios in suitable solvents. But some add cholesterol. Phytosome characteristics include particle size, particle size distribution, and sorption efficiency. Several studies and commercial products of phytosomes have been widely applied to deliver antioxidant compounds from natural ingredients. It can be concluded that the phytosome formulation consists of phytoconstituents or extracts with phospholipids and can be used to deliver antioxidant compounds from natural ingredients.
Keywords: Phytosomes, Phytoconstituents, Phospholipids, Antioxidants
ABSTRAK: Radikal bebas memiliki dampak yang cukup besar terhadap kesehatan manusia karena dapat mengakibatkan timbulnya penyakit. Senyawa yang dapat menetralisir radikal bebas adalah senyawa antioksidan yang berasal dari tanaman yang mengandung senyawa polifenol, fenolik, flavonoid, dan terpen. Senyawa tersebut umumnya bersifat polar sehingga memiliki absorbsi yang kurang baik dan memiliki bioavailabilitas yang rendah jika digunakan secara oral maupun topikal. Bioavailabilitas senyawa tersebut dapat ditingkatkan dengan fitosom. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji formulasi dan karakteristik fitosom serta aplikasinya sebagai sistem penghantaran senyawa antioksidan. Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui literature research. Fitosom merupakan kompleks antara fitokonstituen atau ekstrak dengan fosfolipid yang diperoleh pada perbandingan molar tertentu dalam pelarut yang sesuai. Namun ada juga yang menambahkan kolesterol. Karakteristik fitosom meliputi ukuran partikel, distribusi ukuran partikel, dan efisiensi penjerapan. Beberapa penelitian maupun produk komersial fitosom telah banyak diaplikasikan untuk menghantarkan senyawa antioksidan dari bahan alam. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa formulasi fitosom terdiri dari fitokonstituen atau ekstrak dengan fosfolipid dan dapat digunakan untuk menghantarkan senyawa antioksidan dari bahan alam.
Kata Kunci: Fitosom, Fitokonstituen, Fosfolipid, Antioksidan
Keywords
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/.v0i0.28994
