Studi Pengaruh Waktu Proses Torefaksi dan Kadar Air terhadap Karakteristik Produk Torefaksi Batubara Peringkat Rendah di Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Mineral dan Batubara “Puslitbang tekMIRAâ€

M Liana Rahmy, Slamet Handoko, Pramusanto Pramusanto

Abstract


Abstrack. Indonesia have moreless 60% of the coal reserves constitute low quality coal (Lignit) with a caloric content of <5100 cal/gr. Based in government regulations (PP) no 23 of 2010 on the Implementation of Mineral and Coal Mining Activities, to be able to increase added value for mineral and coal commodities. Coal has the opportunity to do increased coal through the technology that one of them exists is the torefaction process. Torefactions constitute a heat treatment at temperatures of 200°C-300°C in atmospheric pressure in the absence of oxygen, with a caloric-valued solid fuel end product equivalent to sub-bitumunus C. Torefact testing where this experiment was conducted at the “Technological and Coal Center for Research and Development tekMIRAâ€. Torefaction experiments used two coal feeds with different water content. Testing is performed beginning with a stage of preparation where the grain size used is -3 +6 mesh. Later on temperature torefaction testing used was 300°C with variations of stay time used for 30 minutes, 60 minutes, 90 minutes, and 120 minutes. The results of torefactory testing products are char, liquid, and gas. From the test results using feed 1, optimum stay time in the torefaction process at 120 minutes, due to char mass yields of 50,432 gr, gas yields of 4,311gr, and liquid yields of 15,257 gr. Whereas in the feed condition 2 the best residence time of the torefaction process is 90 minutes, due to mass yield 56,433 gr, gas yield 3,863 gr, and liquid yield 9,704 gr. Effective feed in the use of the torefaction process that is feed 2. It is because of the higher caloric value of 6001 cal/g, char mass product of 56,433 gr, gas product of 3,863 gr, liquid product of 9,704 gr.

Keywords: Torefaction, Residence Time, Feed, Mesh, Char, Calor

Abstrak. Indonesia memiiki lebih kurang 60% dari cadangan batubara merupakan batubara kualitas rendah (Lignit) dengan kandungan kalori sebesar <5100 kal/gr. Berdasarkan peraturan pemerintah (PP) no 23 tahun 2010 tentang Pelaksanaan Kegiatan Usaha Pertambangan Mineral dan Batubara, untuk dapat meningkatkan nilai tambah bagi para komoditas mineral dan batubara. Batubara memiliki peluang untuk dilakukan peningkatan batubara melalui teknologi yang ada salah satunya adalah proses torefaksi. Torefaksi merupakan suatu perlakuan panas pada temperatur 200°C-300°C dalam tekanan atmosfer tanpa adanya kehadiran oksigen, dengan produk akhir bahan bakar padat bernilai kalor setara dengan sub-bituminus C. Pengujian torefaksi dimana percobaan ini dilakukan di Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Mineral dan Batubara “Puslitbang TekMIRAâ€. Percobaan torefaksi menggunakan dua umpan batubara dengan kandungan air yang berbeda. Pengujian dilakukan diawali dengan tahapan preparasi dimana ukuran butir yang digunakan adalah -3+6 mesh. Kemudian pada pengujian torefaksi temperatur yang digunakan adalah 300oC dengan variasi waktu tinggal yang digunakan selama 30 menit, 60 menit, 90 menit, dan 120 menit. Dari hasil pengujian menggunakan umpan 1, waktu tinggal yang optimum dalam proses torefaksi pada 120 menit, karena hasil massa 50,432 gr, hasil gas 4,311gr, dan hasil cair 15,257 gr. Sedangkan pada kondisi umpan 2 waktu tinggal terbaik proses torefaksi yaitu 90 menit, karena hasil massa 56,433 gr, hasil gas 3,863 gr, dan hasil cair 9,704 gr. Umpan yang efektif dalam penggunaan proses torefaksi yaitu umpan 2. Hal tersebut dikarenakan nilai kalor lebih tinggi sebesar 6001 kal/g, produk massa arang sebesar 56,433 gr, produk gas 3,863 gr, produk cair 9,704 gr.

Kata Kunci: Torefaksi, Waktu Tinggal, Umpan, Mesh, Arang, Kalor


Keywords


Torefaksi, Waktu Tinggal, Umpan, Mesh, Arang, Kalor

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/pertambangan.v6i2.24698

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