Tipifikasi Komunikasi dan Adaptasi Profesi Juru Bahasa Isyarat Dengar

Abstract

Abstract. The number of sign language interpreters is still minimal, the lack of public awareness of Deaf issues is the main reason and the diversity of public views in interpreting sign language interpreters is also a factor. The purpose of this study was to determine the subject's motives for choosing a sign interpreter profession, the meaning of sign interpreter based on the subject's point of view and understand the experience of communication and adaptation of sign interpreters. The research method used is qualitative with Alfred Schutz's phenomenological approach. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, documentation and literature review. The results showed that the sign interpreter's motives were categorized into two parts, namely the "experience motive" as the because motive and the empowerment motive as the in order to motive. Then the subjects agreed to interpret the sign language interpreter's professional identity as a "facility", the five subjects also interpreted their role in the Deaf community or movement as a Deaf ally which refers to the concept of creating partnerships with the Deaf and sees disability as a problem of equality of access that must be overcome with a social model that focuses on on (rights-based approach). Finally, various types of communication and adaptation experiences were found that showed good quality communication styles between various parties during and off duty.

Keywords: Hearing Sign Language Interpreter Profession, Motive, Meaning, Experience, Alfred Schutz's Phenomenology.

Abstrak. Jumlah juru bahasa isyarat masih minim, kurangnya awareness masyarakat terhadap isu-isu Tuli menjadi alasan utama serta beragamnya pandangan masyarakat dalam memaknai juru bahasa isyarat turut menjadi faktor. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui motif subjek memilih profesi juru bahasa isyarat, makna juru bahasa isyarat berdasarkan sudut pandang subjek dan memahami pengalaman komunikasi dan adaptasi juru bahasa isyarat. Adapun metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi Alfred Schutz. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dokumentasi dan telaah pustaka. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa motif juru bahasa isyarat dikategorikan ke dalam dua bagian yaitu “motif pengalaman†sebagai because motive dan motif pemberdayaan sebagai in order to motive. Lalu subjek sepakat memaknai identitas profesi juru bahasa isyarat sebagai “fasilitasâ€, kelima subjek juga memaknai perannya dalam komunitas atau gerakan Tuli sebagai Deaf ally yang merujuk pada konsep menciptakan kemitraan dengan Tuli serta melihat disabilitas sebagai masalah kesetaraan akses yang harus diatasi dengan model sosial yaitu berfokus pada (rights-based approach). Terakhir, ditemukan beragam tipe pengalaman komunikasi dan adaptasi yang memperlihatkan gaya komunikasi dengan kualitas baik antara berbagai pihak selama bertugas dan diluar bertugas.

Kata Kunci: Profesi Juru Bahasa Isyarat Dengar, Motif, Makna, Pengalaman, Fenomenologi Alfred Schutz