Studi Literatur Potensi Beberapa Tanaman Suku Myrtaceae sebagai Antibakteri terhadap Propionibacterium acnes

Gina Aulia, Ratu Choesrina, Fetri Lestari

Abstract


ABSTRACT: Acne is a disease characterized by inflammation of the pilosebaceous unit caused by an increase in sebum or oil production induced by androgens, abnormal keratinization, inflammation and colonization of Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) bacteria. One alternative from natural ingredients that have the potential as antibacterial is the Myrtaceae family. Myrtaceae plants that have potential as antibacterial against Propionibacterium acne is Eucalyptus globulus leaf (Blue gum), Psidium guajava leaf (guava), Eucalyptus camaldulenesis bark (river red gum) and Syzigium cumini leaf (jamblang). The active compound which is thought to have potential as an antibacterial, Eucalyptus globulus leaf essential oil is 1,8 Cineole, a-pinene and b-myrcene. Psidium guajava leaf is Morin-3-O-lyxoside, Morin-3-O-arabinoside, Morin, Quarcetin and Quercetin-3-O-arabinoside. Eucalyptus camaldulensis bark is Gallic acid, Taxifolin, Methyl gallate, Quercetin, Luteolin and Hesperidin. In Syzigium cumini leaf is myericetin, 3-0-a-L-rhamnocyl myricetin, taxifolin, eugenyl acetate and tricosanoyl lupeol. This study was conducted to find out the antibacterial activity of four Myrtaceae plants against P. acnes bacteria and the active compounds that can inhibit antibacterial growth. The method used in this research is a literature study with data sourced used frome various related libraries, national and international journals with publication criteria in the last 10 years. The observed parameter of the potential for antibacterial activity in those study is the value of the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). The four plants from the Myrtaceae family have antibacterial activity and the ones that have the strongest potential as antibacterial is the dichloromethane:methanol (1:1) extract of the bark of the Eucalyptus camaldulensis tree with MIC value 100 mg/mL.

Keywords: Myrtaceae family, Antibacterial, Propionibacterium acnes     

ABSTRAK: Jerawat merupakan penyakit yang ditandai dengan adanya inflamasi pada unit pilosebasea dan disebabkan oleh adanya peningkatan produksi sebum atau minyak yang diinduksi oleh adanya androgen, keratinisasi yang tidak normal, peradangan serta kolonisasi bakteri Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes). Salah satu alternatif dari bahan alam yang berpotensi sebagai antibakteri yaitu suku Myrtaceae. Tanaman suku Myrtaceae yang memiliki potensi sebagai antibakteri terhadap Propionibacterium acne diantaranya yaitu daun Eucalyptus globulus (Blue gum), daun Psidium guajava (jambu biji), kulit pohon Eucalyptus camaldulenesis (river red gum) dan daun Syzigium cumini (jamblang). Senyawa aktif yang diduga memiliki potensi sebagai antibakteri, minyak atsiri daun Eucalyptus globulus yaitu 1,8 Cineole, a-pinene dan b-myrcene. Daun Psidium guajava yaitu Morin-3-O-lyxoside, Morin-3-O-arabinoside, Morin , Quarcetin dan Quercetin-3-O-arabinoside. Kulit pohon Eucalyptus camaldulensis yaitu Asam galat, Taxifolin, Metil galat, Quercetin, Luteolin dan Hesperidin. Pada daun Syzigium cumini yaitu myericetin, 3-0-a-L-rhamnocyl myricetin, taxifolin, eugenyl acetate dan tricosanoyl lupeol. Dilakukan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui mengetahui potensi antibakteri dari empat tanaman suku Myrtaceae terhadap bakteri P. acnes dan senyawa aktif yang terkandung yang memiliki aktivitas antibakteri. Metode yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini adalah studi literatur dengan sumber data dari berbagai Pustaka yang relevan baik jurnal nasional maupun international dengan kriteria terbitan 10 tahun terakhir. Parameter yang diamati dari adanya potensi aktivitas antibakteri yaitu nilai Konsentrasi Hambat Minimum (KHM). Keempat tanaman dari suku Myrtaceae memiliki aktivitas antibakteri dan yang memiliki potensi paling kuat sebagai antibakteri adalah ekstrak diklorometan:metanol (1:1) kulit pohon Eucalyptus camaldulensis dengan nilai KHM 100 mg/mL.

Kata Kunci: Suku Myrtaceae, Antibakteri, Propionibacterium acnes.


Keywords


Suku Myrtaceae, Antibakteri, Propionibacterium acnes.

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/.v0i0.30043

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