Kajian Metode Pembuatan dan Bahan Penyalut pada Formulasi Nanokapsul Agen Sitotoksik
Abstract
ABSTRACT: Cancer is a disease caused by abnormal cell proliferation and growth. Cytotoxic drugs used in cancer therapy generally have poor bioavailability. A nanocapsule systems can be selected to increase drug bioavailability. The success of the nanocapsule formulation is influenced by the manufacturing method and the coating material used. This review aims to study the types of manufacturing methods and coating materials that can be used in the formulation of cytotoxic agent nanocapsules. The study was conducted systematically using several international articles from reputable publishers. The results showed that the formulation of cytotoxic agent nanocapsules can be done by several methods, such as double emulsion-solvent evaporation, interfacial deposition, ionic gelation, and layer-by-layer. The preparation could use several coating materials, such as PLGA, PLGA-PEG, PLL-PEG, PCL, chitosan-sodium tripolyphosphate, and chitosan-sodium alginate. Some of the studied nanocapsules showed good characteristic results. From the results obtained, it can be concluded that nanocapsules of cytotoxic agents with good characteristics can be produced from the use of appropriate manufacturing methods and concentrations of coating materials.
Keywords: Nanocapsule, Cytotoxic, Review.
ABSTRAK: Kanker adalah penyakit yang disebabkan karena adanya pembelahan dan pertumbuhan sel yang tidak normal. Obat-obat sitotoksik yang digunakan pada terapi kanker umumnya memiliki ketersediaan hayati yang buruk. Sistem nanokapsul dapat dipilih untuk meningkatkan ketersediaan hayati obat. Keberhasilan formulasi nanokapsul dipengaruhi oleh metode pembuatan dan bahan penyalut yang digunakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji jenis metode pembuatan serta bahan penyalut yang dapat digunakan pada formulasi nanokapsul agen sitotoksik. Kajian dilakukan secara sistematis menggunakan sejumlah artikel internasional dari penerbit bereputasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa formulasi nanokapsul agen sitotoksik dapat dilakukan dengan beberapa metode, seperti double emulsion-solvent evaporation, deposisi antarmuka, gelasi ionik, dan layer-by-layer. Pembuatannya dapat dilakukan menggunakan beberapa bahan penyalut, seperti PLGA, PLGA-PEG, PLL-PEG, PCL, kitosan-natrium tripolifosfat, dan kitosan-natrium alginat. Beberapa nanokapsul yang dikaji menunjukkan karakteristik yang baik. Dari hasil yang diperoleh, dapat disimpulkan bahwa nanokapsul agen sitotoksik dengan karakteristik yang baik dapat dihasilkan dari penggunaan metode pembuatan dan konsentrasi bahan penyalut yang tepat.
Kata kunci: Nanokapsul, Sitotoksik, Kajian.
Keywords
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/.v0i0.28891
