Formulasi Nanoenkapsulasi dari Ekstrak Etanol Daun Bidara Arab (Ziziphus spina-christi L.) dengan Variasi Bahan Penyalut

Reka Rian Wandani, Fitrianti Darusman, Sani Ega Priani

Abstract


Abstract. One of the herbal plants that can be used as a treatment is the Arabic bidara plant which has the scientific name Ziziphus spina-christi L. One part of the Arabic bidara plant that can be used is the leaves. One of the compounds contained in Arabic bidara leaves is a flavonoid that has the potential to be anticancer, antioxidant, antipyretic, and antibacterial. However, flavonoids are easily oxidized so that it can cause changes in their structure. This study aims to determine the optimum nanoencapsulation formula for the ethanol extract of Arabic bidara leaves that can protect flavonoid compounds from the effects of oxidation, light and chemical changes based on% transmittance and organoleptic using a variety of coating materials. The nanoencapsulation was made using the ionic gelation method. The nanoencapsulation formula is formulated with extracts in all three formulas. The nanoencapsulation of the ethanol extract of Arabic bidara leaves was formulated using a variety of coating materials with a combination of chitosan: sodium alginate, chitosan: sodium tripolyphosphate, and chitosan: sodium alginate: CaCl2. The three nanoencapsulation formulas were evaluated for% transmittance and organoleptic. The resulting F2 and F3 meet the% transmittance requirements, namely 90.9% and 96.9%. Meanwhile, the physically stable formula is F3 which results in less turbidity and sedimentation.

Keywords: Arabian bidara leaf, Flavonoid, Nanoencapsulation.

Abstrak. Salah satu tanaman herbal yang dapat digunakan sebagai pengobatan adalah tanaman bidara arab yang memiliki nama ilmiah Ziziphus spina-christi L. Bagian tanaman bidara arab yang dapat digunakan salah satunya adalah bagian daun. Salah satu senyawa yang terdapat dalam daun bidara arab adalah flavonoid yang berpotensi sebagai antikanker, antioksidan, antipiretik dan antibakteri. Namun flavonoid mudah teroksidasi sehingga dapat menyebabkan perubahan pada strukturnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan formula optimum nanoenkapsulasi ekstrak etanol daun bidara arab yang dapat melindungi senyawa flavonoid dari pengaruh oksidasi, cahaya dan perubahan kimia berdasarkan % transmitan dan organoleptis menggunakan variasi bahan penyalut. Pembuatan nanoenkaspsulasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode gelasi ionik. Formula nanoenkaspsulasi diformulasikan dengan ekstrak pada ketiga formula. Nanoenkapsulasi ekstrak etanol daun bidara arab diformulasikan menggunakan variasi bahan penyalut dengan kombinasi kitosan:Natrium Alginat, kitosan:Natrium Tripolifosfat, dan kitosan:Natrium Alginat:CaCl2. Ketiga formula nanoenkapsulasi dilakukan evaluasi % transmitan dan organoleptis. Dihasilkan F2 dan F3 yang memenuhi syarat % transmitan yaitu 90,9% dan 96,9%. Sedangkan formula yang stabil secara fisik yaitu F3 yang menghasilkan kekeruhan dan endapan yang sedikit.

Kata kunci: Daun bidara arab, Flavonoid, Nanoenkapsulasi.


Keywords


Daun bidara arab, Flavonoid, Nanoenkapsulasi.

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/.v6i2.23570

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