Kualitas Air Limbah Penambangan Emas di PT. Nusa Halmahera Minerals Kabupaten Halmahera Utara, Provinsi Maluku Utara

Abstract

PT. Nusa Halmahera Minerals is a company that did the gold mining activity. The activity has impacted the environment, one of which is the change in water quality in the area around the mining site. To cope with these impacts, monitoring and management of wastewater quality becomes an important thing to do for the quality of wastewater mining activities which can meet the standard of wastewater management.This activity performes an analysis of the wastewater and river water quality standards in the area of Reclamation Gosowong Cut Back, Kencana Mine, Mine Toguraci, and tailings dam at PT. Nusa Halmahera Minerals. Water quality standards were analyzed referring to the Minister of Environment Decree No. 202 of 2004 Regarding Waste Water Standard for Gold and Copper Mine Activities and/or Bussinesses. As for the river water quality standard refers to Government Regulation No 82 of 2001 regarding the water quality management and wastewater controlling.The waste water quality parameters include pH value, total suspended solids and total dissolved solids. Total dissolved solids that has been analyzed are Arsenic, Cadmium, Chromium, Copper, Lead, Mercury, and Zinc. The results of the analysis based on the data management and monitoring in the reclaimed area Gosowong Cut Back, Mine Toguraci, Mine gold, and tailings dam illustrates that the waste water from the area Reclamation Gosowong Cut Back is released into the river of Tobobo has met the water quality standard of class I, II, III, and IV stipulated in Government Regulation No. 82 of 2001. The wastewater from gold mine that is released into the river of Sambiki, wastewater from Toguraci mine released to the Bora river, and wastewater from the Tailings Dam  released into the Kobok river has met the water quality standard grade IV stipulated in Government Regulation Government Regulation No. 82 of 2001.

Industri pertambangan khususnya bahan galian emas saat ini mulai berkembang kembali. Berkembangnya sektor industri pertambangan berdampak pada lingkungann salah satunya adalah perubahan kualitas air di daerah sekitar lokasi pertambangan. Untuk menanggulangi dampak tersebut, kegiatan pemantauan dan pengelolaan kualitas air limbah menjadi hal yang penting untuk dilakukan agar kualitas air limbah hasil kegiatan pertambangan dapat memenuhi baku mutu air limbah yang telah ditetapkan.Dalam kegiatan ini, dilakukan analisis baku mutu air limbah dan baku mutu air sungai di area Reklamasi Gosowong Cut Back, Tambang Kencana, Tambang Toguraci, dan Tailing dam di PT. Nusa Halmahera Minerals. Baku mutu air yang dianalisa mengacu pada Keputusan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup Nomor 202 tahun 2004. Sedangkan untuk baku mutu air sungai mengacu pada Peraturan Pememerintah Nomor 82 Tahun 2001. Parameter kualitas air limbah tersebut meliputi nilai pH air, total padatan tersuspensi, dan total padatan terlarut. Total padatan terlarut yang dianalisa adalah Arsen, Cadmium, Chromium, Copper, Lead, Mercury, dan Zinc. Hasil analisis berdasarkan data pengelolaan dan pemantauan di area reklamasi Gosowong Cut Back, Tambang Toguraci, Tambang kencana, dan tailing Dam memberikan gambaran bahwa air limbah dari area Reklamasi Gosowong Cut Back yang dilepaskan kesungai Tobobo memenuhi baku mutu air kelas I, II, III, dan IV yang ditetapkan pada Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 82 Tahun 2001. Sedangkan air limbah dari Tambang kencana yang dilepaskan ke sungai Sambiki, air limbah dari Tambang Toguraci yang dilepas ke Sungai Bora, dan air limbah dari Tailing Dam yang dilepas ke Sungai Kobok memenuhi baku mutu air kelas IV yang ditetapkan pada Peraturan Pemerintah Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 82 Tahun 2001.