Kajian Korosi pada Pipa Transportasi Crude Oil Pipeline C (SP 03 – SP 04) di Kecamatan Balikpapan Kota Kota Balikpapan Provinsi Kalimantan Timur

Fadhil Azka Nurmansyah, Elfida Moralista, Zaenal Zaenal

Abstract


ABSTRACT. Crude oil transportation activities are divided into two sectors, namely the upstream and downstream sectors. The upstream sector includes exploration, geological, seismic, and reservoir studies. For the downstream sector includes storage, processing, refining, and distribution. In the distribution of crude oil using metal-based pipe equipment. But over time the usability of metal materials will decrease due to corrosion. Corrosion occurs because pipes interact with the surrounding environment. Losses caused by corrosion are a reduction in pipe thickness which causes pipe leakage, and the remaining service life of the pipe is low. Therefore, controlling, inspecting, and controlling the crude oil transportation pipeline is very important to minimize corrosion. Thus it is necessary to study the corrosion of the crude oil transportation pipeline, so that the remaining service life (RSL) of the pipe exceeds the design life.

This research was conducted on a transportation pipeline crude oil 2,600 meter located above the surface and below the surface of the land. This study aims to determine the type of corrosion that occurs, the corrosion control method applied, environmental factors that affect the corrosion rate (CR), and the remaining service life (RSL) of the pipe.

Environmental conditions at the study site were soil pH of 5.4 - 6.0 which included acidic conditions, an ambient temperature of 26.8 ° C - 27.9 ° C, and soil resistivity of 2,417 - 3,634 Ω.cm, which included the category is very corrosive to corrosive. The methodology of this study is the measurement of pipe thickness based on API 570 to determine the corrosion rate (CR) and the remaining service life (RSL) of the pipe. The measurement of the pipe thickness is done by using the Ultrasonic Thickness Gauge Panametrics MG2 DL at each of the 14 test point.

The types of corrosion that occur in crude oil transportation pipelines are uniform corrosion and erosion corrosion. Corrosion control methods applied to the crude oil transportation pipeline are carried out externally and internally. Externally using the method of coating, wrapping, and cathodic protection (SACP) with Mg metal as a sacrificial anode. The coating used is the type of painting Rust - Oleum® Stops Rust® Enamel Brush. As for wrapping using tape coating (similar to insulation) with the type of Polyken The Berry Plastics CPG System 942/955 EN. To be done internally with the addition of UNICORTM UOPTM corrosion inhibitor. External environmental factors that affect the corrosion rate (CR) and remaining service life (RSL) of the pipe are acidic soil pH and low soil resistivity. For internal environmental factors are not very influential. The rate of corrosion in the crude oil transportation pipeline is 0.1725 – 0.2115 mm/year and is included in the good category based on its relative corrosion resistance. The remaining service life of the pipe ranges from 20.09 – 30.09 years, thus the pipe can be used beyond the design life of the pipe for 20 years.

Keywords :   Carbon Steel Pipe, Crude Oil, Corrosion Type, Corrosion Control,      Corrosion Rate, Remaining Service Life  


ABSTRAK. Kegiatan transportasi crude oil terbagi menjadi dua sektor, yakni sektor hulu dan sektor hilir. Pada sektor hulu meliputi eksplorasi, studi geologi, seismic, dan reservoir. Untuk sektor hilir meliputi penyimpanan, pengolahan, penyulingan, dan pendistribusian. Pada kegiatan pendistribusian crude oil menggunakan peralatan pipa yang berbahan dasar logam. Namun seiring waktu berjalan daya guna material logam akan menurun yang disebabkan oleh korosi. Korosi terjadi karena pipa berinteraksi dengan lingkungan sekitar. Kerugian yang diakibatkan akibat korosi adalah pengurangan ketebalan pipa yang menyebabkan kebocoran pipa, dan sisa umur pakai pipa menjadi rendah. Oleh karena itu pengendalian, inspeksi, dan pengawasan pada pipa transportasi crude oil sangat penting untuk meminimalisir terjadinya korosi. Dengan demikian perlu dilakukan kajian mengenai korosi pada pipa transportasi crude oil, agar sisa umur pakai (RSL) pipa dapat mencapai umur desainnya.

Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap pipa transportasi crude oil sepanjang 2.600 meter yang terletak di atas permukaan dan di bawah permukaan tanah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis korosi yang terjadi, metode pengendalian korosi yang diaplikasikan, laju korosi (CR) dan sisa umur pakai (RSL) pipa serta faktor - faktor lingkungan yang mempengaruhinya.

Kondisi lingkungan pada lokasi penelitian adalah pH tanah sebesar 5,4 – 6,0 yang termasuk kondisi asam, suhu lingkungan sebesar 26,8°C – 27,9°C, dan resistivitas tanah sebesar 2.417 – 3.634 Ω.cm, yang termasuk kategori sangat korosif hingga korosif. Metodologi penelitian ini adalah pengukuran pengurangan ketebalan pipa untuk menentukan laju korosi (CR) dan sisa umur pakai (RSL) pipa berdasarkan API 570. Pengukuran ketebalan pipa dilakukan dengan menggunakan alat Ultrasonic Thickness Gauge Panametrics MG2 DL pada tiap 14 test point.

Jenis korosi yang terjadi pada pipa transportasi crude oil adalah korosi merata dan korosi erosi. Metode pengendalian korosi yang diaplikasikan secara eksternal dengan menggunakan metode coating, wrapping, dan proteksi katodik (SACP) dengan logam Mg sebagai anoda korban. Coating yang digunakan adalah Rust - Oleum® Stops Rust® Enamel Brush dan wrapping menggunakan Polyken The Berry Plastics CPG System 942/955 EN. Metode pengendalian korosi secara internal dilakukan dengan penambahan inhibitor korosi UOPTM UNICORTM C. Faktor - faktor lingkungan eksternal yang mempengaruhi laju korosi (CR) dan sisa umur pakai (RSL) pipa adalah pH tanah dan resistivitas tanah. Sedangkan faktor lingkungan internal tidak terlalu berpengaruh. Laju korosi pada pipa transportasi crude oil sebesar 0,1725 – 0,2115 mm/tahun dan termasuk kategori good berdasarkan ketahanan korosi relatifnya. Sisa umur pakai pipa berkisar antara 20,09 – 30,09 tahun, dengan demikian pipa dapat digunakan melebihi umur desain pipa selama 20 tahun.

 

Kata kunci : Pipa Baja Karbon, Crude Oil, Jenis Korosi, Pengendalian Korosi, Laju Korosi, Sisa Umur Pakai

 

 


Keywords


Pipa Baja Karbon, Crude Oil, Jenis Korosi, Pengendalian Korosi, Laju Korosi, Sisa Umur Pakai

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/pertambangan.v6i2.23865

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