The Great Gap dan Kontribusi Islam terhadap Pemikiran Ekonomi Modern

Abstract

Abstract. Currently, Indonesia has indeed built economic facilities and infrastructure, but in fact these buildings are fragile and porous. Once the crisis wave hit the building, everything fell apart and it took a very long time to bring it back up. In fact, other Asial countries that have the same fate as Indonesia have already emerged from the economic crisis, such as Malaysia, Thailand, South Korea and others. In this context, the Islamic economic discourse is still very relevant to be discussed more seriously, and put forward as an alternative solution to overcoming the economic crisis in Indonesia, where the majority of the population is Muslim. In fact, recently the banking world has adopted the Islamic economic system without a doubt. Conventional banks, for example, which have been based on the Western economic system, are now starting to open banks based on other money economy systems as well as developing an Islamic economic system. It seems that a fair system which forms the basis of Islamic economics is the main reason why this system is increasingly in demand and developed by the (Muslim) community today. Of course, the development of an Islamic economy will face many challenges today and in the future, and will serve as a test for whether the Islamic economy is able to overcome the economic crisis in Indonesia. Muslim economists are important pioneers who have successfully transformed the Islamic economic system into the modern world. Even to be honest, Western economists have actually learned from them. They appeared when the West was still in the dark ages. This includes their economy. Moreover, the emergence of this Muslim economy was in the post-Greek phase and pre-Western progress. However, the thoughts of these Muslim economists experienced periods of disconnection from generation to generation of Muslims recently. In fact, literature that discusses Islamic economics, especially the thoughts of Muslim economists, is still very rare and limited in the midst of the Indonesian Muslim community. The historical aspect is no exception. This study has a very important meaning because it will trace the historical study of economic thought in Islam which is very unfavorable because, throughout Islamic history, Muslim thinkers and leaders have developed various economic ideas in such a way that they are not considered. The opposition comes from Schumpeter, great gap, by saying that the source of economics is from the west.

Keywords: Knowledge, Dark Ages, Schumpeter, Islamic Economics

Abstrak. Saat ini Indonesia memang telah membangun sarana dan prasarana ekonomi, namun ternyata bangunan tersebut rapuh dan keropos. Begitu gelombang krisis menghantam bangunan tersebut,  semuanya hancur berantakan dan perlu waktu sangat panjang untuk membangkitkannya kembali. Padahal negara-negara Asial lainnya yang bernasib sama dengan Indonesia sudah keluar dari krisis ekonomi seperti misalnya Malaysia, Thailand, Korea Selatan dan lainnya. Dalam konteks inilah, wacana ekonomi Islam masih sangat relevan untuk dibahas lebih serius, dan dikedepankan sebagai alternatif solusi untuk mengatasi krisis ekonomi di Indonesia, yang mayoritas penduduknya beragama Islam. Bahkan, belakangan ini dunia perbankan tanpa ragu-ragu sudah mengadopsi sistem ekonomi Islam. Bank-bank konvensional, misalnya, yang selama ini didasarkan pada sistem ekonomi Barat kini mulai membuka bank yang berlandaskan pada sistem ekonomi uang lainnya juga mengembangkan sistem ekonomi Islam. Tampaknya, sistem berkeadilan yang menjadi pijakan dasar ekonomi Islam merupakan alasan utama mengapa sistem ini semakin diminati dan dikembangkan masyarakat (Muslim) saat ini. Tentu saja, pengembangan ekonomi Islam ini akan menghadapi tantangan yang tidak ringan di masa kini dan mendatang, dan menjadi uji coba apakah ekonomi Islam mampu mengatasi krisis ekonomi di Indonesia. Para ekonom Muslim merupakan pionir-pionir penting yang sukses melakukan transformasi sistem ekonomi Islam kedalam dunia modern. Bahkan sekiranya mau jujur, para ekonom Barat sebenarnya telah belajar dari mereka. Mereka telah muncul ketika Barat masih berada dalam zaman kegelapan. Termasuk juga dalam dunia ekonomi mereka. Apalagi kemunculan ekonomi Muslim ini berada pada fase pasca kemajuan Yunani dan pra kemajuan Barat. Namun pemikiran-pemikiran para ekonom Muslim tersebut mengalami masa-masa keterputusan dari generasi ke generasi Muslim belakangan ini. Bahkan, literatur yang membahas ekonomi Islam, terutama pemikiran para Ekonom Muslim itu, masih sangat langka dan terbatas di tengah-tengah masyarakat Muslim Indonesia. Tak terkecuali aspek sejarahnya. Kajian ini memiliki arti yang sangat penting karena ini akan menelusuri tentang kajian sejarah pemikiran ekonomi dalam Islam yang sangat tidak menguntungkan karena, sepanjang sejarah Islam, para pemikir dan pemimpin muslim sudah mengembangkan berbagai gagasan ekonominya sedemikian rupa tidak dianggap. Penentangan tersebut berasal dari Schumpeter, great gap, dengan mengatakan bahwa sumber ilmu ekonomi itu dari barat.

Kata Kunci : Pengetahuan, Masa Kegelapan, Schumpeter, Ekonomi Islam