Standardisasi Mutu Simplisia dan Ekstrak Metanol Daun Paitan (Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsley) A. Gray)

Abstract

Abstract. A research phytochemical screening and determination of parameters specific and non-specific paitan leaves (Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsley) A. Gray). Extraction using thermal methods is by extraction storied reflux. Based on research showing that dry powder and methanol extract of leaves paitan positive flavonoids. Phytochemical screening results showed that the leaf and the methanol extract of leaves paitan containing compounds polifenolat, flavonoids, saponins, quinones, tannins, monoterpena and sesquiterpene. This is indicated by the color of positive reaction between the reagent used and sample. Flavonoids are known to have antioxidant activity and inhibition of the enzyme alpha-amylase. Inhibition of the enzyme alpha-amylase may be used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus type II. Based on the research that has been carried out the results of a specific parameter and non-specific dry powder of leaves paitan that levels of soluble extract water soluble amounted to 20.810%, while the levels of soluble extract ethanol amounted to 12.245%, water content of 5.000%, ash content total of 13.910% and ash content insoluble acid amounting to 0.708%, drying shrinkage of 9.008% and the specific gravity of the methanol extract of leaves paitan is 0.801.

Abstrak. Telah dilakukan penelitian penapisan fitokimia dan penentuan parameter spesifik dan non-spesifik daun paitan (Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsley) A. Gray). Ekstraksi menggunakan metode panas yaitu refluks dengan cara ekstraksi bertingkat. Berdasarkan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa simplisia daun paitan dan ekstrak metanol daun paitan positif mengandung flavonoid. Hasil penapisan fitokimia menunjukkan bahwa simplisia daun paitan dan ekstrak metanol daun paitan mengandung senyawa polifenolat, flavonoid, saponin, kuinon, tannin, monoterpena dan seskuiterpena. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan adanya reaksi positif warna antara sampel dengan pereaksi yang digunakan. Flavonoid diketahui memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dan penghambatan enzim alfa amilase. Penghambatan enzim alfa amilase dapat digunakan sebagai terapi pada diabetes mellitus tipe II. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan hasil parameter spesifik dan non-spesifik simplisia daun paitan yaitu kadar sari larut larut air sebesar 20,810 % sedangkan kadar sari larut etanol sebesar 12,245 %, kadar air sebesar 5,000 %, kadar abu total 13,910 % sedangkan kadar abu tak larut asam sebesar 0,708 %, susut pengeringan sebesar 9,008 % serta bobot jenis ekstrak metanol daun paitan sebesar 0,801.