Hubungan Frekuensi Serangan Asma dengan Perkembangan Anak Usia 3−8 Tahun Secara Parent’s Evaluation Of Developmental Status (PEDS) di RSUD Al Ihsan Kabupaten Bandung Periode Maret-Juni 2016

Abstract

Abstract: Asthma is a chronic disease that the most common in children and has a high risk of delayed development. The Department of health estimates that 10% of 25 million people in Indonesia suffering asthma. Therefore, early screening for those abnormality in children is needed to prevent the occurrence of those delayed development. The objective of this research was to analyze the correlation between the frequency of asthma attack and the development of the child's 3−8 yers old with Parent’s Evaluation of Developmental Status (PEDS) at Bandung Al Ihsan Hospital periods March−June, 2016. The number of respondents in this study were according to the formula of hypothesis test two proportions were 66 children with asthma in 3−8 years old, 47 children with intermittent asthma and 19 children with persistent asthma. This research used analytic observational cross sectional study. Based on statistical calculation using Fisher's Exact Test. The results showed that the most development screening in children with intermittent asthma on PEDS E category total of 14 children (93.3%; p=0.001), which that low risk of developmental abnormalities. Children with persistent asthma showed that most developmental screening on PEDS A categories total of 7 children (77.8%; p=0.001) which that high risk of developmental abnormalities. The results of the analysis of the relationship asthma attack frequency and child development with PEDS was obtained p-value of 0.001. In conclusion, there is a relationship between the frequency of asthma attacks and development of children with PEDS

Abstrak: Asma adalah salah satu penyakit kronik yang sering mengenai anak dan memiliki risiko mengalami gangguan perkembangan. Departemen kesehatan memperkirakan 10% dari 25 juta penduduk Indonesia menderita asma, sehingga untuk mencegah terjadi gangguan perkembangan perlu dilakukan deteksi sedini-dininya. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan frekuensi serangan asma dengan perkembangan anak usia 3−8 tahun secara Parent’s Evaluation of Developmental Status (PEDS) di RSUD Al Ihsan Kabupaten Bandung periode Maret−Juni 2016. Jumlah responden pada penelitian ini ditentukan menurut rumus uji hipotesis dua proporsi adalah 66 anak penderita asma usia 3−8 tahun terdiri atas 47 anak asma intermiten dan 19 anak asma persisten. Penelitian ini adalah observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Uji statistik menggunakan Fisher’s Exact Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada anak dengan asma intermiten didapatkan skirining perkembangan terbanyak pada kategori PEDS E sebanyak 14 anak (93,3%; p=0,001) yaitu resiko rendah mendapat kelainan perkembangan. Pada anak dengan asma persisten menunjukkan bahwa skrining perkembangan terbanyak pada kategori PEDS A sebanyak 7 anak (77,8%; p=0,001), yaitu resiko tinggi mendapat kelainan perkembangan. Hasil analisis hubungan frekuensi serangan asma dengan perkembangan anak secara PEDS didapatkan nilai p 0,001. Simpulan, terdapat hubungan antara frekuensi serangan asma dan perkembangan anak secara PEDS