Karakteristik Penderita Kanker Serviks Ditinjau dari Usia, Paritas dan Gambaran Histopatologi di Bagian Patologi Anatomi Rumah Sakit Al Islam Bandung Periode 2012-2015

Abstract

Abstract: Cervical cancer is a malignancy that grow on the cervix, cancer occurs when cells in the cervix grow and replicate abnormally. Cervical cancer is the second highest in the world of the leading cause of death from malignancy and 85% of cases occur in developing countries. The Factors are expected could increase the risk of cervical cancer among others: high parity, have early sex, high sexual activity, often have sex with multiple partners, low socioeconomic, family record of cervical cancer, smoking and HPV infection. This study was conducted to determine the characteristics of cervical cancer patients in terms of age, parity and histopathologic picture at the Pathology Anatomy of Al Islam Bandung Hospital in the period of January 2012 - December 2015. The research design used is descriptive observational with cross sectional approach (Cross sectional). The data used are secondary data from medical records of patients with cervical cancer were diagnosed by histopathology. The sampling in this research is total sampling. Based on research that has been done can be concluded as follows: Number of cervical cancer are diagnosed by histopathological of Al Islam Bandung Hospital in this period there were 41 people, the majority of patients with cervical cancer has characteristics between the ages of 35-55 years as many as 23 people (56.1%), with the total number of parity ≥3 21 people (51.21%), and a description of histopathology form of squamous cell carcinoma were 28 people (68.3%).

Abstrak: Kanker serviks merupakan keganasan yang tumbuh pada leher rahim, kanker ini terjadi ketika sel-sel pada leher rahim tumbuh dan bereplikasi secara abnormal. Kanker serviks merupakan penyebab kematian akibat keganasan tertinggi kedua di dunia dan 85% kasus terjadi di negara berkembang. Faktor-faktor yang diduga meningkatkan risiko terjadinya kanker serviks antara lain : paritas tinggi, melakukan hubungan seksual dini, aktivitas seksual tinggi, sering berganti pasangan, sosial ekonomi rendah, riwayat keluarga yang menderita kanker serviks, merokok dan infeksi HPV. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui karakteristik penderita kanker serviks ditinjau dari usia, paritas dan gambaran histopatologi di bagian Patologi Anatomi Rumah Sakit Al Islam Bandung periode Januari 2012 – Desember 2015. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan bersifat deskriptif observasional dengan pendekatan potong lintang (Cross Sectional). Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder berupa rekam medik penderita kanker serviks yang didiagnosis secara histopatologi. Cara pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini berupa Total Sampling. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan dapat ditarik kesimpulan sebagai berikut : Jumlah penderita kanker serviks yang didiagnosis secara histopatologis di Rumah Sakit Al Islam Bandung pada periode ini terdapat 41 orang, sebagian besar pasien kanker serviks memiliki karakteristik usia antara 35-55 tahun sebanyak 23 orang (56,1%), dengan jumlah paritas ≥3 sebanyak 21 orang (51,21%) dan gambaran histopatologi berupa skuamous sel karsinoma sebanyak 28 orang (68.3%).