Pengaruh Olahraga Zumba terhadap Kadar Kolesterol Total Darah dan Lingkar Pinggang pada Mahasiswi Tingkat 4 FK Unisba Periode April-Mei 2016

Abstract

Abstract: Hypercholesterolemia is a condition where the total cholesterol in blood is higher than normal, which is caused by lack of physical activities and high-fat meal habit. Regular physical activity like Zumba dance, can reduce the health risks factors. Zumba is a high energy aerobic fitness from South America. The method used in this research is one group pre and post test design experiment, with 20 volunteers of female students in Faculty of Medicine of Islamic Bandung University, who are chosen by systematic random sampling and fulfil all the inclusive criterias as well. All the volunteers are subjected to practicing Zumba dance twelve times in a month, and their total blood cholesterol levels and waist circumference are measured before and after. The result from the research shows that Zumba dance can significantly influence the total blood cholesterol and waist circumference.The mean of the total blood cholesterol data before Zumba practice is 174,40 mg/dL, and then after Zumba practice the data is declined into 165,70 mg/dL, which shows the tendency of the declining of total blood cholesterol about 8,70 mg/dL. This data is analyzed statistically using Shapiro Wilk Test with P>0,05 and is further analyzed using Paired T-Test which shows a significant difference of total blood cholesterol before and after the exercise. For the data of the waist circumference, before Zumba, the median of the waist circumference is about 80 cm and then has a declination with  the median about 4,34 cm. This data is analyzed statistically using Shapiro Wilk Test with P<0.05 and is further analyzed using Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test which shows a significant difference of waist circumference before and after the exercise.Zumba is an aerobic activity that can reduce total blood cholesterol and fat significantly.

Abstrak: Hiperkolesterolemia merupakan keadaan dimana kadar kolesterol total darah lebih tinggi daripada normal, disebabkan kurangnya olahraga dan makan makanan tinggi lemak. Aktivitas fisik secara reguler dapat mengurangi risiko penyakit, salah satunya dengan berolahraga Zumba.Zumba merupakan high energy aerobic workout dari Amerika Selatan. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah eksperimental one group pre and post test design dengan jumlah sampel 20 mahasiswi tingkat 4 Fakultas Kedokteran Unisba yang dipilih secara secara systematic random sampling dan memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Seluruh subjek diberi perlakuan dengan berolahraga 12 kali selama 1 bulan dan dicek kadar kolesterol total darah dan lingkar pinggang sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh olahraga Zumba terhadap kadar kolesterol total darah dan lingkar pinggang. Rerata total kolesterol darah sebelum Zumba adalah 174,40 mg/dL dan setelah Zumba mengalami penurunan sebanyak 165,70 mg/dL, data ini menunjukkan terdapat penurunan sekitar 8,70 mg/dL. Data perubahan kadar kolesterol total darah dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan uji Shapiro Wilk Test dengan nilai P>0,05 dan uji lanjut Paired T-Test yang menunjukkan adanya perbedaan bermakna sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan. Data ukuran lingkar pinggang sebelum Zumba memiliki median sekitar 80 cm dan mengalami penurunan dengan median 4,34 cm. Data ini selanjutnya dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan Shapiro Wilk Test dengan nilai P<0,05 dan uji lanjut Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test menunjukkan adanya perbedaan bermakna sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan. Zumba merupakan aktivitas aerobik yang dapat menurunkan kadar kolesterol total darah dan lingkar pinggang secara bermakna.