Hubungan HbA1c dengan Kejadian Tb Paru pada Pasien DM Tipe 2 di RSUD Al-Ihsan Bandung

Lufi Caramoy, Wida Purbaningsih, Nuri Amalia

Abstract


Abstract. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) has increased worldwide and has a higher risk of developing tuberculosis (TB). Uncontrolled blood sugar conditions can increase the risk of getting TB. Blood sugar levels can be monitored using HbA1c, if the increase in HbA1c> 8% can cause complications. This study aims to see the relationship between HBA1c and the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus at Al-Ihsan Hospital Bandung. This study used an analytic observational method with a case control approach. The research data is secondary data from 71 medical records of Type 2 DM patients from January 2017 to November 2020 at RSUD Al-Ihsan Bandung which match the inclusion criteria. The study was conducted in January-December with inclusion criteria, namely age, diagnosis, HbA1c levels, date of diagnosis and HbA1c examination. The sample selection method used simple random sampling with a sample of Type 2 DM patients who met the inclusion criteria. The results showed that most of them occurred in women (52%), aged 25-64 years (85%), had HbA1c ≥8% (60%), and most did not experience TB (60%). Based on the levels of HbA1c levels, it showed that in the case group had HbA1c levels ≥8% and had pulmonary tuberculosis as much as 62%, while in the case control group it was 55%. The results of the analysis of HbA1c with the incidence of pulmonary TB in patients with Type 2 diabetes did not have a significant relationship and the risk of becoming pulmonary TB was 1.57 times. The conclusion of this study shows that there is no significant relationship between HbA1c and the incidence of pulmonary TB in Type 2 DM patients at Al-Ihsan Hospital Bandung.

Keyword: Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2, HbA1c, Tuberculosis

Abstrak. Prevalensi diabetes melitus (DM) mengalami peningkatan didunia dan memiliki risiko lebih tinggi untuk terjadinya Tuberkulosis (TB). Kondisi gula darah yang tidak terkontrol dapat meningkatkan risiko terkena TB. Kadar gula darah dapat dipantau dengan menggunakan HbA1c, jika peningkatan HbA1c >8% dapat menimbulkan komplikasi.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan HBA1c dengan kejadian TB paru pada DM tipe 2 di RSUD Al-Ihsan Bandung. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasional analitik dengan pendekatan kasus kontrol. Data penelitian merupakan data sekunder dari 71 rekam medik pasien DM Tipe 2 pada bulan Januari tahun 2017 sampai bulan November tahun 2020 di RSUD Al-Ihsan Bandung yang sesuai kriteria inklusi. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Januari-Desember dengan kriteria inklusi yaitu usia, diagnosis, kadar HbA1c, tanggal diagnosis dan pemeriksaan HbA1c. Metode pemilihan sampel menggunakan simple random sampling dengan sampel pasien DM Tipe 2 yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebagian besar terjadi pada perempuan (52%), dengan rentang usia 25-64 tahun (85%), mengalami kondisi HbA1c ≥8% (60%), dan sebagian besar tidak mengalami TB (60%). Berdasar atas kadar kadar HbA1c, menunjukkan bahwa pada kelompok kasus mempunyai kadar HbA1c ≥8% dan mengalami TB paru sebanyak 62%, sedangkan pada kelompok kasus kontrol sebesar 55%. Hasil analisis terhadap HbA1c dengan kejadian TB paru pada pasien DM Tipe 2 tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan dan ber-risiko menjadi TB paru sebesar 1,57 kali lipat. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara HbA1c dengan kejadian TB paru pada pasien DM Tipe 2 di RSUD Al-Ihsan Bandung.

Kata kunci: Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2, HbA1c, Tuberkulosis


Keywords


Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2, HbA1c, Tuberkulosis

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/kedokteran.v7i1.26762

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