Scoping Review: Gambaran Derajat dan Jenis Gangguan Pendengaran pada Usia Tua

Amalia Rahayu, Endang Suherlan, Abdul Hadi Hassan

Abstract


Abstract. Hearing loss is a state when a person cannot hear as well as a normal person in either ear or both ears, with a hearing threshold of more than 25 dB. One of the causes of hearing loss is elderly. Hearing loss examination can be determined one of them by audiometry test, from this test can be determined degree and type of hearing loss. The degree of hearing loss is divided into mild, moderate, moderately severe, severe, and profound Whereas by type hearing loss is divided into conductive deafness, sensorineural and mixed. The purpose of this studyis to find the picture of the degree and type of hearing loss in elderly. This research is a scoping review by identifying, analyzing and evaluating a scientific paper inaccordance with inclusion and exclusion criteria and screening using eligibility criteria (Elegible criteria) using PICOS. The results of the screening obtained 7 articles that included the Elegible criteria. 2 research articles stating mild degrees, article stating mild to moderate degrees, 1 article stating mild and moderate degrees and 1 article stating the type of conductive and sensorineural hearing disorder is a hearing loss that occurs a lot in elderly. The conclusion of this study is the degree and type of hearing loss that occurs a lot in elderly is a mild to moderate degree with a type of conductive and sensorineural hearing loss.

Keywords: Hearing Impairment, Hearing Loss, Type, Degree, Elderly

Abstrak. Gangguan pendengaran merupakan keadaan ketika seseorang tidak bisa mendengar sebaik orang normal pada salah satu telinga atau kedua telinga, dengan ambang pendengaran lebih dari 25 dB. Salah satu penyebab gangguan pendengaran adalah usia tua. Pemeriksaan gangguan pendengaran dapat ditentukan salah satunya oleh tes audiometri, dari tes ini dapat ditentukan derajat dan jenis gangguan pendengaran. Derajat gangguan pendengran dibagi menjadi ringan, sedang, sedang berat, berat, dan sangat berat. Sedangkan menurut jenisnya gangguan pendengaran dibagi menjadi tuli konduktif, sensorineural dan campuran. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran derajat dan jenis gangguan pendengaran pada usia tua. Penelitian ini merupakan scoping review dengan mengidentifikasi, menganalisis dan mengevaluasi suatu karya tulis ilmiah sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi serta dilakukan skrining menggunakan kriteria kelayakan (kriteria Elegible) menggunakan PICOS. Hasil skrining didapatkan 7 artikel yang termasuk kriteria Elegible. 2 artikel penelitian menyatakan derajat ringan, 1 artikel menyatakan derajat ringan sampai sedang, 1 artikel menyatakan derajat ringan dan derajat sedang dan 1 artikel menyatakan jenis gangguan dengar konduktif dan sensorineural merupakan gangguan pendengaran yang banyak terjadi pada usia tua. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu derajat dan jenis gangguan pendengaran yang banyak terjadi pada usia tua merupakan derajat ringan sampai sedang dengan jenis gangguan pendengaran konduktif dan sensorineural.

Kata kunci: Gangguan Pendengaran ,  Kehilangan Pendengaran, Tipe, Derajat, Usia Tua


Keywords


Gangguan Pendengaran , Kehilangan Pendengaran, Tipe, Derajat, Usia Tua

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/kedokteran.v7i1.26752

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