Scoping Review: Hubungan Stres Kerja dengan Hipertensi pada Tenaga Kesehatan
Abstract
Abstract. Hypertension is one of the main health problems in Indonesia in the world. Hypertension can occur due to various factors, including stress, obesity, smoking, alcohol consumption, age, gender and genetics. Stress is a condition that everyone can experience. Stress is an adaptive response, through individual characteristics and / or psychological processes directly to external actions, situations and events. Job stress is a condition of tension that can affect ways of thinking, emotions, and individual conditions. A health worker is anyone who devotes himself to the health sector. Health workers are one of the fifteen professions with the highest level of stress. Stress conditions can cause headaches, insomnia and one of them hypertension. This study aims to determine whether there is a relationship between job stress and hypertension among health workers. Systematic searches are carried out through electronic database searches, namely PubMed, Science Direct, Proquest, Google Scholar, SpringerLink. The articles reviewed were those related to job stress and hypertension in health workers. From the keyword search found in the five databases, 2,925 articles were found, there were 10 articles that were suitable for review. The results show that job stress is related to hypertension in health workers. This condition occurs because the dysfunction of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal and autonomic nervous system has been shown to be the main regulatory system involved in the process of hypertension.
Keywords: job stress, hypertension, health workers
Abstrak. Hipertensi adalah salah satu masalah kesehatan utama di Indonesia di dunia. Hipertensi dapat terjadi karena berbagai faktor, antara lain stres, obesitas, merokok, konsumsi alkohol, usia, jenis kelamin dan genetik. Stres merupakan kondisi yang dapat dialami semua orang. Stres merupakan suatu respon adaptif, melalui karakteristik individu dan atau proses psikologis secara langsung terhadap tindakan, situasi dan kejadian eksternal. Stres kerja merupakan kondisi ketegangan yang dapat mempengaruhi cara berfikir, emosi, dan kondisi individu. Tenaga kesehatan adalah setiap orang yang mengabdikan diri dalam bidang kesehatan. Tenaga kesehatan merupakan salah satu diantara lima belas belas profesi dengan tingkat stres paling tinggi. Kondisi stres dapat menimbulkan sakit kepala, insomnia serta salah satunya hipertensi. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya hubungan stres kerja dengan hipertensi pada tenaga kesehatan. Pencarian sistematis dilakukan melalui pencarian database elektronik yaitu PubMed, Science Direct, Proquest, Google Scholar, SpringerLink. Artikel yang direview adalah yang berkaitan dengan stres kerja dan hipertensi pada tenaga kesehatan. Dari pencarian kata kunci yang ditemukan pada kelima database ditemukan 2.925 artikel terdapat 10 artikel yang sesuai untuk direview. Diperoleh hasil bahwa stres kerja berhubungan dengan hipertensi pada tenaga kesehatan. Kondisi tersebut terjadi karena disfungsi hipotalamus-hipofisis-adrenal dan sistem saraf otonom telah terbukti menjadi sistem pengaturan utama yang terlibat dalam proses terjadinya hipertensi.
Kata kunci: stres kerja, hipertensi, tenaga kesehatan
Keywords
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/kedokteran.v7i1.26750
