Hubungan antara Tingkat Pengetahuan dengan Sikap Stigma terhadap ODHA pada Siswa-Siswi SMAN 12 Bandung Kelas 11 Tahun Ajar 2019-2020

Muhamad Fawwaz Zakaria, Elly Marliyani, Mia Yasmina Andarini

Abstract


Abstract. Stigma against HIV is negative attitudes and beliefs about people with HIV / AIDS. The main factor that causes stigma against HIV is a lack of knowledge about HIV. Good knowledge about HIV / AIDS is the best way to generate positive attitudes about HIV / AIDS, it can also reduce the stigma towards people with HIV / AIDS (PLWHA). This study aims to determine the relationship between the level of knowledge and the stigma attitudes of high school students towards PLWHA. This research method used observational analytic design through cross sectional approach. Bivariate analysis was conducted to see the relationship between the level of knowledge and the stigma attitudes towards PLWHA. Sampling by means of random sampling and filling out questionnaires was carried out online using Google form to 73 students of grade 11 at SMAN 12 Bandung for the period 2019-2020 from 26 November-6 December 2020. Most of the respondents as many as 61 people (84%) showed knowledge good and 51 people (70%) showed a good stigmatizing attitude towards PLWHA. The continuity correction analysis test with chi-square obtained a p-value of 0.54 (p> 0.05), so it was concluded that there was no relationship between the level of knowledge about HIV / AIDS and the stigma attitudes of PLWHA. This could be influenced by various factors other than the level of knowledge that can influence stigmatizing attitudes towards PLWHA, such as religious levels and having family relationships with PLWHA.

Key Words: HIV/AIDS, knowledge level, PLWHA, stigmatizing  attitude

Abstrak. Stigma terhadap HIV adalah sikap dan kepercayaan secara negatif tentang orang dengan HIV/AIDS. Faktor utama yang menimbulkan stigma terhadap HIV adalah kurangnya pengetahuan mengenai HIV. Pengetahuan yang baik mengenai HIV/AIDS merupakan cara terbaik untuk menimbulkan sikap positif mengenai HIV/AIDS, juga dapat mengurangi stigma terhadap ODHA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan dan sikap stigma siswa-siswi SMA terhadap orang dengan HIV/AIDS. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan desain observasional analitik melalui pendekatan cross sectional. Analisis bivariat dilakukan untuk melihat hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan terhadap sikap stigma ODHA.   Pengambilan sampel dengan cara random sampling dan pengisian kuesioner dilakukan secara daring menggunakan Google form kepada 73 siswa-siswi kelas 11 SMAN 12 Bandung periode tahun 2019–2020 mulai 26 November-6 Desember 2020. Sebagian besar responden sebanyak 61 orang (84%) memiliki pengetahuan baik dan 51 orang  (70%) memiliki sikap stigma terhadap ODHA baik. Uji analisis continuity correction dengan chi-square diperoleh p-value sebesar 0,54 (p>0.05), sehingga disimpulkan tidak terdapat hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan tentang HIV/AIDS dan sikap stigma ODHA. Hal ini dapat dipengaruhi berbagai faktor selain tingkat pengetahuan yang dapat mempengaruhi sikap stigma terhadap ODHA seperti misalnya tingkat religius dan memiliki hubungan keluarga dengan ODHA.

Kata kunci: HIV, ODHA, sikap stigma, tingkat pengetahuan

Keywords


HIV, ODHA, sikap stigma, tingkat pengetahuan

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/kedokteran.v7i1.26719

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