Gambaran Hasil Operasi Katarak Matur dan Imatur dengan Metode Phacoemulsifikasi di Rumah Sakit Salamun Tahun 2019
Abstract
Abstract. More than 50% of blindness that occurs in society is caused by cataracts. Cataracts classification based on their stage are incipient, immature, mature, and hypermature cataracts. The most effective cataract treatment is surgery. Currently the most often method used with fast healing and low complication rates is phacoemulsification. The visual outcome after surgery or visual outcome was categorized into good outcome (6 / 6-6 / 18), borderline outcome (<6 / 18-6 / 60), and poor outcome (<6/60). This study aims to determine the difference in the visual outcome of immature and mature cataract surgery patients with the phacoemulsification method at Salamun Hospital. This research method is descriptive with a cross-sectional design using secondary data from January-December 2019 and obtained 34 medical record data that meet the inclusion criteria. The results showed the highest frequency was the 18 immature stage patients, 21 female patients, and the largest age group was 70-79 years. The visual outcome frequencies of mature and immature cataract patients after phacoemulsification surgery were 22 patients with good outcome, 8 patients with borderline, and 4 patients with poor outcome. In conclusion, the phacoemulsification method has good outcomes in both types of cataracts at Salamun Hospital in 2019.
Keywords: cataract, surgical outcome, phacoemulsification
Abstrak. Lebih dari 50% kebutaan yang terjadi di masyarakat disebabkan oleh katarak. Klasifikasi katarak berdasarkan stadiumnya yaitu katarak insipient, imatur, matur, dan hipermatur. Pengobatan katarak yang paling efektif adalah operasi. Saat ini metode yang paling sering digunakan dengan penyembuhan cepat dan tingkat komplikasi rendah yaitu phacoemulsifikasi. Hasil penglihatan setelah operasi atau visual outcome di kategorikan menjadi good outcome (6/6-6/18), borderline outcome (<6/18-6/60), dan poor outcome (<6/60). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan visual outcome pasien operasi katarak imatur dan matur dengan metode phacoemulsifikasi di RS Salamun. Metode penelitian ini yaitu deskriptif dengan desain cross-sectional menggunakan data sekunder periode Januari-Desember 2019 dan didapatkan 34 data rekam medis yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan frekuensi tertinggi yaitu stadium imatur sebanyak 18 pasien, jenis kelamin perempuan sebanyak 21 pasien, dan kelompok usia terbanyak yaitu 70-79 tahun. Frekuensi visual outcome pasien katarak matur dan imatur setelah operasi phacoemulsifikasi yaitu 22 pasien dengan good outcome, 8 pasien dengan borderline, dan 4 pasien dengan poor outcome. Simpulan, metode phacoemulsifikasi memiliki outcome yang baik pada kedua jenis katarak di Rumah Sakit Salamun tahun 2019.
Kata kunci: katarak, operasi katarak, phacoemulsifikasi, visual outcome
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/kedokteran.v7i1.26710
