Gambaran Geometri Ventrikel Kiri pada Pasien Hipertensi yang Menjalani Ekokardiografi di RSUD Al-Ihsan Bandung Tahun 2018-2019
Abstract
Abstract. Hypertension can induce changes in structures and functions of heart as the Hypertension Mediated Organ Damage (HMOD). The most common subclinical symptoms of HMOD are Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH), which is one of the Left Ventricle (LV) geometries. This study aims to determine the description of LV geometry in hypertension patients who undertaking echocardiography at Al-Ihsan Hospital Bandung. This descriptive study is done with cross sectional and total sampling method using medical record data and the echocardiography result. The samples were 123 from hypertension patients in January 2008– December 2019, who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The description of geometry was determined by the calculation of relative wall thickness and left ventricular mass index. The results of study showed that baseline characteristics of hypertension patients were dominated by women (66,7%), in age 45-64 and >65 years old (89,4%), obesity (49,6%), and obtained LV geometric patterns was concentric LVH (40%), eccentric LVH (33%), normal geometry (18%) and concentric remodeling (9%). In conclusion, the LV geometry of hypertension patient majority have experienced LVH (73%) with the most pattern is concentric LVH. Concentric LVH tends to occur in women patients, in age >65 years old and have obesity. Eccentric LVH tends to occur in patients with comorbid coronary artery diseases, valvular heart diseases, reduction ejection fraction, and diabetic melitus type II. The concentric remodeling geometry and normal geometry are never dominant as the most pattern of geometry in hypertension patients.
Keywords: Hypertension, Left Ventricular Geometry, concentric remodeling, concentric LVH, eccentric LVH
Abstrak. Hipertensi dapat menginduksi perubahan struktur dan fungsi jantung sebagai hypertension mediated organ damage (HMOD). Gejala subklinis HMOD tersering adalah left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), yang merupakan salah satu geometri left ventricle (LV). Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui gambaran geometri LV pasien hipertensi yang menjalani ekokardiografi di RSUD Al-Ihsan Bandung. Penelitian deskriptif ini dilakukan secara potong lintang dengan metode total sampling menggunakan data rekam medik dan hasil ekokardiografi. Sampel penelitian ini dari pasien hipertensi pada bulan Januari 2018-Desember 2019 yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi, sebanyak 123 sampel. Gambaran geometri ditentukan dengan penghitungan tebal dinding relatif dan indeks masa ventrikel kiri. Hasil penelitian menunjukan karakteristik pasien hipertensi mayoritas perempuan (66,7%), usia 45-64 tahun dan >65 tahun (89,4%), obesitas (49,6%), dengan diperoleh pola geometri LV yaitu LVH konsentrik (40%), LVH eksentrik (33%), normal geometri (18%) dan konsentrik remodeling (9%). Simpulan, geometri LV pasien hipertensi mayoritas telah mengalami LVH dengan tipe terbanyak LVH konsentrik. LVH konsentrik cenderung terjadi pada pasien dengan karakteristik usia >65 tahun, perempuan, dan obesitas. LVH eksentrik cenderung terjadi pada pasien dengan komorbid penyakit arteri koroner, penyakit katup jantung, penurunan ejeksi fraksi, dan diabetes melitus tipe II. Geometri konsentrik remodeling dan geometri normal tidak pernah dominan sebagai tipe geometri terbanyak pada pasien hipertensi yang diteliti.
Kata Kunci: Geometri Ventrikel Kiri, Hipertensi, Konsentrik remodeling, LVH eksentrik, LVH konsentrikKeywords
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/kedokteran.v7i1.26687
