Efek Ekstrak Etanol Daun Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia) terhadap Kadar Asam Urat yang Diinduksi Kalium Oksonat

Muhamad Zaeni Miftah, Miranti Kania Dewi, Purnomo Purnomo

Abstract


Abstract. Hyperuricemia is defined as a condition that is concerned with an increase in blood uric acid concentration. The prevalence of hyperuricemia reached 7.3% in 2018. Hyperuricemia can cause mild to severe complications, including gouty arthritis and kidney problems. The main treatment for hyperuricemia is allopurinol, but allopurinol has several side effects that may be reduced by the patient. Noni leaf is one of the traditional plants that can be used as an alternative in the treatment of hyperuricemia. This study aims to assess the assessment of the ethanol extract of noni leaves on uric acid levels induced by potassium oxonate. The research method was experimental with the research subjects were 25 male DDY mice. The groups were divided into five groups, namely normal control, negative control and treatment groups I, II and III. The treatment group was given ethanol extract of noni leaves with a dose of 100mg / KgBW each; 200mg / KgBW; and 400mg / KgBW. Induction with potassium oxonate dose of 250 mg / KgBW intraperitoneally for two days. Measurement of uric acid levels was carried out using a spectrophotometer. The results showed that the ethanol extract of noni leaves at a dose of 200mg / kgBW and a dose of 400mg / kgBW could reduce uric acid levels in mice with the largest decrease in uric acid levels shown by a dose of 400mg / kgBW, although it was not statistically significant. The ethanol extract of noni leaves has the potential to reduce uric acid levels and this potential is related to the active flavonoid compounds contained in noni leaves.

Key words: hyperuricemia, noni leaves, uric acid levels

Abstrak. Hiperurisemia didefinisikan sebagai suatu kondisi yang ditandai dengan peningkatan konsentrasi asam urat darah. Prevalensi hiperurisemia mencapai 7.3% pada tahun 2018. Hiperurisemia dapat menyebabkan komplikasi ringan hingga berat, diantaranya gout artritis dan gangguan ginjal. Terapi hiperurisemia yang utama adalah allopurinol, akan tetapi allopurinol memiliki beberapa efek samping yang kemungkinan dapat menurunkan kepatuhan pasien. Daun mengkudu merupakan salah satu tanaman tradisional yang dapat dijadikan alternatif dalam pengobatan hiperurisemia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai efek pemberian ekstrak etanol daun mengkudu terhadap kadar asam urat mencit yang diinduksi kalium oksonat. Metode penelitian adalah eksperimental dengan subjek penelitian adalah 25 ekor mencit jantan galur DDY. Mencit dibagi menjadi lima kelompok, yaitu kontrol normal, kontrol negatif dan kelompok perlakuan I, II dan III. Kelompok perlakuan diberi sediaan ekstrak etanol daun mengkudu dengan dosis  masing-masing 100mg/KgBB; 200mg/KgBB; dan 400mg/KgBB. Induksi dengan kalium oksonat dosis 250mg/KgBB secara intraperitoneal selama dua hari. Pengukuran kadar asam urat dilakukan menggunakan spektrofotometer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak etanol daun mengkudu dosis 200mg/kgBB dan dosis 400mg/kgBB dapat menurunkan kadar asam urat mencit dengan penurunan kadar asam urat terbesar ditunjukan oleh dosis 400mg/kgBB, meskipun secara statistik tidak signifikan. Ekstrak etanol daun mengkudu memiliki potensi untuk menurunkan kadar asam urat dan potensi tersebut berkaitan dengan adanya senyawa aktif flavonoid yang terkandung dalam daun mengkudu.

Kata kunci: daun mengkudu, hiperurisemia, kadar asam urat


Keywords


daun mengkudu, hiperurisemia, kadar asam urat

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/kedokteran.v7i1.26584

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