Hubungan Lama Paparan Radiasi Ultraviolet (UV) dengan Angka Kejadian Melasma pada Petani
Abstract
Abstract. Melasma is a dark brown symmetrical and irregular hypermelanosis. Ultraviolet radiation is reported as a major risk factor for developing melasma. Ultraviolet A and B radiation are said to penetrate the skin and cause the proliferation of melanocytes, causing melasma. Ultraviolet radiation exposure can be prevented or minimized by using personal protective equipment. The research objective was to determine the correlation between the length exposure of UV radiation with the incidence of melasma among farmers in Cimenyan, Bandung. This research was conducted from September to December 2020. This research method was observational analytic with a cross sectional approach while the method of taking the subject is probability sampling. The number of respondents in this study were 48 people with statistical calculations using Fisher's Test. The results of this study showed that there was a significant relationship between the length of exposure to UV radiation and melasma (p=0.049). The long duration of exposure to UV radiation increased the melanogenesis process and triggers the appearance of hyperpigmentation on the skin. In this study, it showed that exposure duration more than 2 hours per day was associated with the incidence of melasma in farmers.
Keywords: Farmer, melasma, UV radiation.
Abstrak. Melasma adalah suatu hipermelanosis berwarna cokelat gelap yang bersifat simestris dan irregular. Radiasi sinar ultraviolet dilaporkan sebagai faktor risiko utama penyebab munculnya melasma. Radiasi UV A dan B disebut dapat menembus kulit dan meningkatkan proliferasi melanosit sehingga menyebabkan timbulnya melasma. Paparan radiasi UV dapat dicegah atau diminimalisir dengan penggunaan alat pelindung diri. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan durasi paparan radiasi UV dengan kejadian melasma pada petani di Cimenyan, Bandung. Penelitian ini dilakukan selama bulan September hingga Desember 2020. Metode penelitian ini adalah analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional sedangkan metode pengambilan subjek secara probability sampling. Jumlah responden penelitian ini adalah 48 orang, uji statistik menggunakan Uji Fisher’s. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara lama paparan radiasi UV dengan melasma (p=0,049). Lama durasi paparan radiasi UV meningkatkan proses melanogenesis dan menjadi pemicu munculnya hiperpigmentasi pada kulit. Pada penelitian ini menunjukkan durasi paparan lebih dari 2 jam per hari berhubungan dengan angka kejadian melasma pada petani.
Kata Kunci: Melasma, petani, radiasi UV.
Keywords
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/kedokteran.v7i1.26522
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