Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Stunted di Kecamatan Ciomas dan Pabuaran Kabupaten Serang
Abstract
Abstract. Stunted (short) is when the ratio of height or length to age shows a result <-2 standard deviation based on the WHO Child Growth Standards. In 2018 the proportion of stunted children in Indonesia was in the high prevalence category, and Serang Regency for 2020 is the locus for reducing this problem. Many factors are risk factors for stunted, some of which are the mother's age at birth, the sex of the child, the age at birth, birth weight, and chronic disease. This study aimed to determine the relationship between maternal age at delivery and the incidence of stunted. The research was conducted in Puskesmas Ciomas and Pabuaran, Serang Regency, Banten Province, in 2020. This study was an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design. The number of research subjects was 77 people who were determined by the purposive sampling method. The results showed that there was a significant relationship with a low correlation between maternal age at childbirth (p=0.049, r=0.2), while for child sex (p=0.990), birth age (p=0.997), birth weight (p=0549), and a history of chronic disease (p=0.648) had no significant association with the incidence of stunted. Stunted risk factors are divided into several groups, namely groups of characteristics of children, family members, households, health care services, and the environment. Maternal age at delivery is one of the risk factors for the characteristic group of family members.
Key words: Growth disorders, maternal age, risk factor, stunting
Abstrak. Stunted (pendek) merupakan kondisi ketika perbandingan tinggi atau panjang badan dengan usia menunjukkan hasil <-2 standar deviasi berdasarkan WHO Child Growth Standards. Tahun 2018 proporsi anak stunted di Indonesia termasuk kategori prevalensi tinggi dan di Kabupaten Serang untuk tahun 2020 menjadi lokus penurunan permasalahan ini. Banyak faktor yang menjadi faktor risiko stunted, beberapa di antaranya adalah usia ibu saat melahirkan, jenis kelamin anak, usia kelahiran, berat badan lahir, dan penyakit kronis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian stunted. Penelitian dilakukan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Ciomas dan Pabuaran, Kabupaten Serang, Provinsi Banten tahun 2020. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain cross sectional. Jumlah subjek penelitian sebanyak 77 orang yang ditentukan dengan metode purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya hubungan signifikan dengan korelasi rendah pada faktor usia ibu saat melahirkan (p=0,049 r=0,2), sedangkan pada faktor jenis kelamin anak (p=0,990), usia kelahiran (p=0,997), berat badan lahir (p=0,549), dan riwayat penyakit kronis (p=0,648) tidak memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan kejadian stunted. Faktor risiko stunted terbagi menjadi beberapa kelompok, yaitu kelompok karakterisitik anak, anggota keluarga, rumah tangga, layanan perawatan kesehatan, dan lingkungan. Usia ibu saat melahirkan merupakan salah satu faktor risiko dari kelompok karakteristik anggota keluarga.
Kata kunci: Faktor risiko, gangguan pertumbuhan, stunting, usia ibu
Keywords
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/kedokteran.v7i1.26409
