Efek Pemberian Ekstrak Etanol Buah Pare (Momordica charantia L.) terhadap Jumlah Spermatozoa di Epididimis Mencit Jantan (Mus musculus)

Syifa Auliya, R. B. Soeherman Herdiningrat, Tryando Bhatara Pohan

Abstract


Abstract. The family planning (KB) program in Indonesia is an effort to control and reduce the population growth rate by increasing the number of contraceptive prevalence. At present the Government is providing three types of contraceptive devices and drugs in all parts of Indonesia, namely condoms, intrauterine devices (IUD), and implant KB. The choice of male contraception which is widely researched focuses on three categories, the first method is the blockade of vas deferens, the second method use heat to temporarily provide sterility effects, and the third method use medication to inhibit sperm production. Bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) has long been used as food and medicine, bitter melon extract has a variety of benefits such as lowering serum insulin levels, normalizing glucose tolerance levels in mice that have been given a high-fat diet, and anti-steroidogenic activity as well as anti-spermatogenic effect in male rats. This research is purely experimental laboratory with a completely randomized design method. The research subjects used in this study were 28 male mice (Mus musculus). The ethanol extract of bitter melon (Momordica charantia L) for 35 days at a dose of 28mg/KgBB/day, 56 mg/KgBB/day and 112mg/KgBB/day. Data were analyzed using the Kruskall Wallss test. The results of this study indicate that there are significant differences with the resulting test value of 0,000 with a significance value of p = 0,000 (p <0.05) there is a difference in the average difference of spermatozoa in more than 2 groups and shows that the administration of bitter melon ethanol extract has an effect to the number of spermatozoa.

Keywords: ethanol extract of bitter melon, number of spermatozoa.

Abstrak. Program keluarga berencana (KB) di Indonesia merupakan salah satu upaya dalam mengendalikan dan menurunkan laju pertumbuhan penduduk dengan cara meningkatkan angka prevalensi kontrasepsi. Pada saat ini Pemerintah menyediakan secara gratis tiga jenis alat dan obat kontrasepsi di seluruh wilayah Indonesia, yaitu kondom, alat kontrasepsi dalam rahim (AKDR), dan susuk KB. Pilihan kontrasepsi pria yang banyak di teliti terfokus pada tiga kategori, metode pertama yaitu blokade vas deferens, metode kedua dengan menggunakan panas untuk memberikan efek sterilitas secara temporer, dan metode ketiga dengan menggunakan medikasi untuk menghambat produksi sperma. Buah pare (Momordica charantia L.) telah lama digunakan sebagai bahan pangan dan obat, ekstrak pare memiliki berbagai macam manfaat seperti halnya menurunkan kadar serum insulin, menormalkan kadar toleransi glukosa pada tikus yang telah diberikan diet tinggi lemak, dan aktivitas antisteroidogenic yang sama halnya dengan efek antispermatogenic pada tikus jantan. Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental laboratorium murni dengan metode rancangan acak lengkap. Subjek penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah 28 ekor mencit jantan (Mus musculus). Di berikan ekstrak etanol buah pare (Momordica charantia L) selama 35 hari dengan dosis 28mg/KgBB/hari, 56 mg/KgBB/hari dan 112mg/KgBB/hari. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji Kruskall Wallss. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna dengan dihasilkan nilai uji sebesar 0.000 dengan nilai signifikansi p=0,000 (p<0,05) terdapat perbedaan selisih rata-rata spermatozoa pada lebih dari 2 kelompok dan menunjukkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak etanol buah pare memberikan efek terhadap jumlah spermatozoa.

Kata Kunci: R Ekstrak etanol buah pare, jumlah spermatozoa.


Keywords


R Ekstrak etanol buah pare, jumlah spermatozoa.

Full Text:

PDF

References


Ramani A. Kesesuaian Penggunaan Alat Kontrasepsi Berdasarkan Permintaan KB pada Pasangan Usia Subur ( PUS ) di Kecamatan ... 2017;(October).

Badan Pusat Statistik, Badan Koordinasi Keluarga Berencanan Nasional, Departemen Kesehatan, Macro International, Badan Pusat Statistik Indonesia, Menua DANP, et al. KUALITAS SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA DALAM MENGGAPAI BONUS DEMOGRAFI Rachmawati Madjid. J Popul. 2015;2(1):102–14.

Lampiao F. Complementary and alternative medicines: The herbal male contraceptives. African J Tradit Complement Altern Med. 2011;8(5 SUPPL.):27–32.

Kanakis GA, Goulis DD. Male contraception: A clinically-oriented review. Hormones. 2015;14(4):598–614.

Syamsiah. Eksplorasi tumbuhan obat tradisional di Kecamatan Malinau Barat Kabupaten Malinau. Mulawarman Sci. 2011;10(1):101–15.

Priastini R. Tanaman Obat Alami Indonesia Sebagai Alternatif Antifertilitas Laki-Laki. Artik Penelit. 2010;(6).

Choi D, Lee SJ, Lee MH, Lee DK. Bitter Melon Seed Extract does not Alter Photoperiodic Effects on Reproduction of Male Golden Hamsters. Dev Reprod [Internet]. 2017;21(2):215–21. Available from: http://www.ksdb.org/archive/view_article?pid=dr-21-2-215

Raghavan Anilakumar K. Nutritional, Pharmacological and Medicinal Properties of Momordica Charantia. Int J Nutr Food Sci [Internet]. 2015;4(1):75. Available from: http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/journal/paperinfo.aspx?journalid=153&doi=10.11648/j.ijnfs.20150401.21

Tumkiratiwong P, Ploypattarapinyo R, Pongchairerk U, Thong-Asa W. Reproductive toxicity of Momordica charantia ethanol seed extracts in male rats. Iran J Reprod Med. 2014;12(10):695–704.

Mescher AL. Junqueiras’s Basic Histology Text and Atlas. Junqueiras’s Basic Histology Text and Atlas. 2013. 343-363 p.

Piper M. Treuting, DVM, MS, Diplomate A, Suzanne M. Dintzis, MD P, Kathleen S. Montine, PhD E. Comparative Anatomy and Histology of A Mouse, Rat and Human Atlas. 2017. 573 p.

John E. Hall PD. Guyton and hall textbook of medical physiology 12th edition. 2011. 1112 p.

Allen WE. diFiore’s Atlas of Histology with Functional Correlations (11th Edition) [Internet]. Vol. 213, Journal of Anatomy. 2008. 357-358 p. Available from: http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1469-7580.2008.00956.x

Tortora G, Derrickson B. Principles of Anatomy & Physiology. Igarss 2014. 2014. 1-1347 p.

WHO | Family planning/Contraception. WHO [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2018 Jan 28]; Available from: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs351/en/

Infodatin situasi dan analisis keluarga berencana.pdf. 2014.

Amory JK. Male contraception. Fertil Steril [Internet]. 2016;106(6):1303–9. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.08.036

Badan Kependudukan dan Keluarga Berencana Nasional (BKKBN). Jumlah pasangan usia subur (PUS) berdasarkaan kesetaran ber-KB [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2018 Jan 3]. Available from: http://manajemenpk.bkkbn.go.id/felisa/PUSMenurutKesertaanBerKB.aspx

RI KK. Formularium Ramuan Obat Tradisional Indonesia. 2017;1–135.

Kavitha K, Sridevi sangeetha KS, Sujatha K, Umamaheswari S. Phytochemical and Pharmacological Profile of Justicia gendarussa Burm f . - Review. J Pharm Reseach [Internet]. 2014;8(7):990–7. Available from: http://jprsolutions.info/newfiles/journal-file-56e4077fb58398.88468760.pdf

Astuti Y, Fitriana S, Rahayu NS. Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Pare (Momordica charantia L) terhadap Sperma Mencit. Mutiara Med J Kedokt dan Kesehat [Internet]. 2016;9(1):26–32. Available from: http://journal.umy.ac.id/index.php/mm/article/view/1588/1633

Daniel P, Supe U, Roymon MG. A review on Phytochemical analysis of Momordica charantia. Int J Adv Pharm , Biol Chem. 2014;3(1):214–20.

Sathish Kumar D, Vamshi Sharathnath K, Yogeswaran P, Harani A, Sudhakar K, Sudha P, et al. A medicinal potency of Momordica charantia. Int J Pharm Sci Rev Res. 2010;1(2):95–100.

Sharma S, Tandon S, Semwal B, Singh K. Momordica charantia Linn.: A Comprehensive Review on Bitter Remedy. J Pharm Res Opin. 2014;1(2):42–7.

ITIS Standard Report Page: Momordica charantia [Internet]. [cited 2018 Jan 28]. Available from: https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=22399#null

Kaushik U, Aeri V, Mir SR. Cucurbitacins - An insight into medicinal leads from nature. Pharmacogn Rev [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2018 Feb 2];9(17):12–8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26009687

Pramono, S N, Sudarsono SB, Pujoarianto A. Obat Tradisional Indonesia I. 1988;18.

World Health Organization. Selected Medicinal Plants Vol. 4. Essent Med Heal Prod Inf Portal A World Heal Organ Resour [Internet]. 2005;4:381–99. Available from: http://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/en/d/Js16713e/

Widyanto MT, Suhartono E, Biworo A. POTENSI JUS BUAH PARE ( Momordica charantia L. ) SEBAGAI PENGHAMBAT HEMOGLOBIN TERGLIKASI IN VITRO. 2015;11:141–7.

Kurmukov AG. Phytochemistry of medicinal plants. Med Plants Cent Asia Uzb Kyrg. 2013;1(6):13–4.

Kemenkes RI. profil Kesehatan Indonesia. Vol. 70, Kesehatan. 2016. 1780-1790 p.

Norvegicus R, Dawley S. Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Pare ( Momordica Charantia , L ) Terhadap Struktur Histologi Testis dan Epididimis Tikus Jantan. 2014;(2):149–57.

Swami Handa S, Singh Khanuja SP, Longo G, Dutt Rakesh D. Extraction techniques of medicinal plants. Extr Technol Med Aromat pltans [Internet]. 2008;1–10. Available from: http://medcontent.metapress.com/index/A65RM03P4874243N.pdf

Farombi, (2018). Quercetin and rutin ameliorates sulphasalazineâ€induced spermiotoxicity, alterations in reproductive hormones and steroidogenic enzyme imbalance in ratstle. 11. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1111/and.12981




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/kedokteran.v0i0.21321

Flag Counter    Â