Hubungan Teknik Anestesi Operasi Besar Non Jantung pada Pasien Lansia dengan Penyakit Jantung dan Lama Rawat Inap di RSUD Al Ihsan Jawa Barat Periode Januari 2018–Mei 2019
Abstract
Abstract. Heart disease mortality in Indonesia has increased to 40% with the prevalence of Indonesian population aged over 60 years reaching 46.9 / 100,000. As this condition rising, the number of patients who need surgery with heart disease also increasing, both minor and major surgery. Major surgery has a higher risk in elderly patient compared to minor surgery. The purpose of this study is to find the relationship between anesthesia techniques of non-cardiac major surgery in elderly patients with heart disease and length of stay in Al Ihsan Regional Public Hospital, West Java, Indonesia from January 2018 - May 2019. The sample selection technique used a purposive sampling with 75 samples.. Research method used a retrospective cohort method. Data analysis used Fisher’s Exact Test. The results found that local anesthesia has the largest percentage of length of stay less than five days which is 100% followed by general anesthesia at 87.5% and regional anesthesia at 77.7%. The most used anesthesia technique in this study are general anesthesia followed by local anesthesia and regional anesthesia. The conclusion is there is no relationship between anesthesia techniques of non-cardiac major surgery in elderly patients with heart disease and length of stay in Al Ihsan Regional Public Hospital, West Java, Indonesia from January 2018 - May 2019 (p=0,085)
Keywords: Anesthesia Techniques, Elderly, Length of Stay
Abstrak. Mortalitas penyakit jantung berdasarkan usia meningkat hingga 40% dengan prevalensi penduduk Indonesia berusia lebih dari 60 tahun mencapai 46,9/100.000 penduduk. Jumlah pasien dengan penyakit jantung yang membutuhkan tindakan anestesi untuk memfasilitasi operasi akan semakin banyak, baik operasi kecil maupun operasi besar. Operasi besar menimbulkan risiko yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan operasi kecil. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mencari hubungan teknik anestesi operasi besar non jantung pada pasien lansia dengan penyakit jantung dan lama rawat inap di RSUD Al Ihsan periode Januari 2018 – Mei 2019. Teknik pemilihan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling dan ditemukan sebanyak 75 sampel. Metode penelitian menggunakan kohort retrospektif. Analisis data menggunakan uji Fisher’s Exact. Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa persentase lama rawat kurang dari lima hari terbesar pada jenis anastesi lokal sebesar 100% disusul oleh jenis anastesi umum sebesar 87,5%, dan terakhir jenis anastesi regional sebesar 77,7%. Teknik anestesi paling banyak dipakai dalam penelitian ini secara berturut-turut adalah anestesi umum, anestesi lokal, dan anestesi regional. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah tidak ada hubungan teknik anestesi operasi besar non jantung pada pasien lansia berusia dengan penyakit jantung dan lama rawat inap di RSUD Al Ihsan periode Januari 2018 – Mei 2019 (p=0,085).
Kata Kunci: Lansia, Lama Rawat Inap, Teknik Anestesi
Keywords
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/kedokteran.v0i0.21148
