Hubungan Berat Badan Lahir dan Tingkat Pendidikan Ibu dengan Kejadian Stunting Usia 24-59 Bulan di Posyandu Kelurahan Dunguscariang

Abstract

Abstract. Stunting is a condition of failure to thrive in children under five (babies under the age of five) due to chronic malnutrition so that children are too short in age. Malnutrition occurs since the baby is in the womb and in the early period after the baby is born, but the condition of stunting only appears after the baby is 2 years old. Stunted growth was influenced by many factors, but most common was from genetic, socioeconomic factor, mineral intake from food, weight’s born, and mother education level. This study aims to determine the relationship of birth weight and maternal education level with the incidence of stunting aged 24-59 months. This research was conducted at Posyandu Kelurahan Dunguscariang, Bandung City in November 2019. The sample size was 65 children aged 24-59 months at Posyandu Kelurahan Dunguscariang, Bandung City which were selected using simple random sampling technique. Data were analyzed using Chi-Square test with p = 0.05. Based on the results of the study found that the percentage of stunting children is greater than normal children, there is a relationship between Birth Weight and Mother's education level with the incidence of stunting. The conclusion of the study was birth weight and maternal education level contributed to the occurrence of stunting in children aged 24-59 months in Posyandu  Dunguscariang Village.

Keywords: Stunting, birth weight, mother's education level.

Abstrak. Stunting adalah kondisi gagal tumbuh pada anak-anak di bawah lima (bayi di bawah lima tahun) karena kekurangan gizi kronis sehingga anak-anak terlalu pendek. Malnutrisi terjadi sejak bayi dalam kandungan dan pada periode awal setelah bayi lahir, tetapi kondisi stunting hanya muncul setelah bayi berusia 2 tahun. Pertumbuhan terhambat dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor, tetapi yang paling umum adalah dari genetik, faktor sosial ekonomi, asupan mineral dari makanan, berat lahir, dan tingkat pendidikan ibu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan berat lahir dan tingkat pendidikan ibu dengan kejadian stunting yang berumur 24-59 bulan. Penelitian dilakukan di Posyandu Kelurahan Dunguscariang, Kota Bandung pada bulan November 2019. Jumlah sampel adalah 65 anak usia 24-59 bulan di Posyandu Kelurahan Dunguscariang, Kota Bandung yang dipilih menggunakan teknik simple random sampling. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Chi-Square dengan p = 0,05. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa persentase anak stunting lebih besar daripada anak normal, terdapat hubungan antara Berat Lahir dan Tingkat Pendidikan Ibu dengan Kejadian Stunting. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah berat badan lahir dan tingkat pendidikan Ibu berkontribusi terhadap terjadinya stuntingpada anak usia 24-59 bulan di Posyandu Kelurahan Dunguscariang, Kota Bandung

Kata Kunci: Stunting, berat lahir, tingkat pendidikan Ibu.