Perbedaan Zona Hambat Ekstrak Air Dan Ekstrak Etanol Tanaman Seledri (Apium Graveolens) Terhadap Neisseria Gonorrhoeae Secara In Vitro
Abstract
Abstract. Gonorrhea is one of the sexually transmitted infections (STIs) caused by the bacteria Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The spread of infectious gonorrhea and increased resistance to antibiotics increase the morbidity of gonorrhea disease. Based on this, it is necessary to consider alternative uses of natural ingredients as substitute drugs, one of which is celery plants. Celery (Apium graveolens) has pharmacological benefits as an antimicrobial. Chemically, celery contains fatty acids (octadecanoic acid / stearic acid) and coumarins which have antimicrobial activity and are known to be easier to dissolve in ethanol than water. This study aimed to assess the differences in antimicrobial activity of water extract and ethanol of celery plants (Apium graveolens) which were assessed based on the inhibitory zone produced on Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The research was carried out by pure experimental method in vitro. The number of samples used were 13 samples divided into three groups. The first and second groups each consisted of five concentrations of extract and water extract of celery plants, with concentrations of 130,000 μg ml-1, 13,000 μg ml-1, 1,300 μg ml-1, 130 μg ml-1, and 13 μg ml-1 . The third group was aquabides and ethanol as negative controls, and ceftriaxone as a positive control. The results showed that the average inhibition zone in each concentration in the first and second groups had a significant difference, P = 0.00 (P = ≤ 0.05) and it was found that all groups had different diameter inhibition zones, proved with the P value at each comparison is 0.00 except in the group using the ethanol extract of celery plants the concentration of 1,300 μg ml-1 and the water extract of the celery plant concentration of 13,000 μg ml-1 with P value is 1.00. The conclusion of this study is that there are differences between the inhibitory zones of water extract and celery ethanol plants. The resulting inhibition zone shows the activity of the active substance possessed by ethanol extract and water extract of celery plants such as fatty acids and coumarins.
Keywords :Â Celery Plant, Extract, Inhibition Zone
Abstrak. Gonorrhoea merupakan salah satu penyakit infeksi menular seksual (IMS) yang diakibatkan oleh bakteri Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Penyebaran penyakit gonorrhoea yang bersifat infeksius dan peningkatan resistensi terhadap antibiotik menyebabkan morbiditas penyakit gonorrhoea bertambah. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, perlu dipertimbangkan alternatif penggunaan bahan alam sebagai obat pengganti, salah satunya adalah tanaman seledri. Seledri (Apium graveolens) memiliki manfaat secara farmakologis sebagai antimikroba. Secara kimia, seledri mengandung asam lemak (octadecanoic acid/stearic acid) dan coumarins yang memiliki aktivitas antimikroba dan diketahui lebih mudah terlarut dalam etanol daripada air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai Perbedaan aktivitas antimikroba ekstrak air dan etanol tanaman seledri (Apium graveolens) yang dinilai berdasarkan zona hambat yang dihasilkan terhadap Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode eksperimental murni in vitro. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 13 sampel yang terbagi dalam tiga kelompok. Kelompok pertama dan kedua masing-masing terdiri dari lima konsentrasi ekstrak dan ekstrak air tanaman seledri, dengan konsentrasi 130.000 μg ml-1, 13.000 μg ml-1, 1.300 μg ml-1, 130 μg ml-1, dan 13 μg ml-1. Kelompok ketiga adalah akuabides dan etanol sebagai kontrol negatif, serta ceftriaxone sebagai kontrol positif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata zona hambat pada masing-masing konsentrasi dalam kelompok pertama dan kedua memiliki perbedaan yang bermakna yaitu P=0,00 (P=≤ 0.05) dan didapatkan bahwa seluruh kelompok memiliki diameter zona hambat yang berbeda satu sama lain, dibuktikan dengan nilai P di setiap perbandingan adalah 0,00 kecuali pada kelompok yang menggunakan ekstrak etanol tanaman seledri konsentrasi 1.300 μg/ml dan ekstrak air tanaman seledri konsentrasi 13.000 μg/ml, dengan nilai P adalah 1,00. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah terdapat perbedaan antara zona hambat ekstrak air dan etanol tanaman seledri. Zona hambat yang dihasilkan menunjukkan adanya aktivitas zat aktif yang dimiliki oleh ekstrak etanol dan ekstrak air tanaman seledri seperti asam lemak dan coumarins.Â
Kata Kunci :Â Tanaman Seledri, Ekstrak, Zona Penghambatan
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/kedokteran.v0i0.14940
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