Kajian Sebaran Kerentanan Bencana Banjir di Kabupaten Cirebon

Abstract

Abstract. Cirebon Regency is an area in the lowlands having a multi-disaster index with a scale of 181 which is included in the high risk class, one of which is a flood disaster. Flood risk index in Cirebon District with a score of 36 included in the high category. Compared to other regions in Indonesia, Cirebon Regency is included in the 6th flood-prone area. In the span of 2015 to 2018 as many as 31 of the total 69 disaster events were flood disasters. The incident resulted in a lot of losses that occurred, where as many as 37,073 houses were flooded and as many as 117,904 people were displaced. Seeing the magnitude of the impact of both material and non material losses caused by the flood disaster in Cirebon District, it is necessary to have a mapping of flood disaster vulnerability. Flood vulnerability mapping is done by looking at several parameters of vulnerability, namely, social vulnerability, economic vulnerability, and environmental vulnerability. The analytical method used in conducting this research is the spatial analysis method using scoring and weighting based on Geospatial Information Systems. The results showed that overall, the vulnerability of flood disasters in Cirebon District was dominated by the category of moderate vulnerability with an area of 46.72% (46,268.18 Ha) of the total area of districts where the Districts of Kapetak, Susukan, and Gegesik were the districts with the highest area of high vulnerability .

Keywords: Flooding, Mapping, Vulnerability.

Abstrak. Kabupaten Cirebon merupakan daerah yang berada pada dataran rendah memiliki indeks multibencana dengan skala 181 yang termasuk kedalam kelas risiko tinggi, salah satunya adalah bencana banjir. Indeks risiko banjir di Kabupaten Cirebon dengan skor sebesar 36 termasuk kedalam kategori tinggi. Dibandingkan dengan wilayah lainnya di Indonesia, Kabupaten Cirebon termasuk kedalam daerah rawan banjir ke-6. Dalam rentang tahun 2015 hingga 2018 sebanyak 31 dari total 69 kejadian bencana merupakan bencana banjir. Kejadian tersebut mengakibatkan banyaknya kerugian yang terjadi, dimana sebanyak 37.073 rumah terendam serta sebanyak 117.904 jiwa mengungsi. Melihat besarnya dampak kerugian baik materi maupun non materil yang diakibatkan oleh bencana banjir di Kabupaten Cirebon ini, maka perlu adanya pemetaan mengenai kerentanan bencana banjir. Pemetaan kerentanan banjir ini dilakukan dengan melihat dari beberapa parameter kerentanan yaitu, kerentanan sosial, kerentanan ekonomi, maupun kerentanan lingkungan. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam melakukan penelitian ini yaitu dengan metode analisis spasial menggunakan skoring dan pembobotan berdasarkan Sistem Informasi Geospasial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara keseluruhan, kerentanan bencana banjir di Kabupaten Cirebon didominasi oleh kategori kerentanan sedang dengan luas sebesar 46,72% (46.268,18 Ha) dari luas total kabupaten dimana Kecamatan Kapetakan, Susukan, dan Gegesik merupakan kecamatan dengan luas kerentanan tinggi terbesar.

Kata Kunci: Banjir, Kerentanan, Pemetaan.