Pengaruh Resiliensi Terhadap Subjective Well-Being Pada Remaja Di Masa Pandemi COVID-19
Abstract
Abstract. The impacts and changes that occur due to the COVID-19 pandemic, especially PJJ with online learning methods can cause academic stress and increase mental health consequences. This can be a threat to the well-being of adolescents. In order to be well-being, resilience is needed to achieve it. In the face of stress due to the pandemic, adolescents who have high levels of resilience are expected to have a positive mental health status, which in turn will increase their well-being scores. This study aims to determine how resilience affects SWB in adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. The measuring instruments used are Student Life Stress Inventory (SLSI), Child and Youth Resilience Measurement Revision (CYRM-R) and Children's Worlds Subjective Well Being Scale (CW-SWBS). The research sample is 2930 adolescents aged 12-18 years who live in the territory of Indonesia, obtained through convenience sampling. The results showed that men had significantly higher scores than women on the resilience measure (M=44.15; SD=5.88). Men scored significantly higher than women in the SWB measure (M=35.76; SD=11.85). Resilience has a positive effect on SWB in adolescents with low academic stress (β=.581; p<.05) with a contribution of 33.7% (R2=.337). Resilience has a positive effect on SWB in adolescents with high academic stress (β=.554; p<.05) with a contribution of 30.7% (R2=.307).
Keywords: Academic Stress, COVID-19 Pandemic, Resilience, Subjective Well-Being
Abstrak.  Dampak dan perubahan yang terjadi akibat pandemi COVID-19, khususnya PJJ dengan metode pembelajaran daring dapat menyebabkan stress akademik dan meningkatkan konsekuensi kesehatan mental. Hal ini dapat menjadi ancaman bagi well-being remaja. Agar dapat well-being, dibutuhkan kemampuan resiliensi untuk mencapainya. Dalam menghadapi stress akibat pandemi, remaja yang memiliki tingkat resiliensi tinggi diharapkan memiliki status kesehatan mental yang positif, yang pada akhirnya akan meningkatkan skor well-being nya. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh resiliensi terhadap SWB pada remaja di masa pandemi COVID-19. Alat ukur yang digunakan yaitu Student Life Stress Inventory (SLSI), Child and Youth Resilience Measurement Revision (CYRM-R) dan Children’s Worlds Subjective Well Being Scale (CW-SWBS). Sampel penelitian berjumlah 2930 remaja berusia 12-18 tahun yang tinggal di wilayah Indonesia, didapat melalui convenience sampling. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa laki-laki memiliki skor signifikan lebih tinggi dibandingkan perempuan pada ukuran resiliensi (M=44.15;SD=5.88). Laki-laki menunjukkan skor signifikan lebih tinggi daripada perempuan dalam ukuran SWB (M=35.76;SD=11.85). Resiliensi berpengaruh secara positif terhadap SWB pada remaja dengan stress akademik rendah (β=.581; p<.05) dengan kontribusi sebesar 33.7% (R2=.337). Resiliensi berpengaruh secara positif terhadap SWB pada remaja dengan stress akademik tinggi (β=.554; p<.05) dengan kontribusi sebesar 30.7% (R2=.307).
Kata Kunci: Pandemi COVID-19, Resiliensi, Stress Akademik, Subjective Well-Being
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
AlAteeq, D. A., Aljhani, S., & AlEesa, D. (2020). Perceived stress among students in virtual classrooms during the COVID-19 outbreak in KSA. Journal of Taibah University Medical Sciences, 15(5), 398–403. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtumed.2020.07.004
Barseli, M., & Ifdil, I. (2017). Konsep Stres Akademik Siswa. Jurnal Konseling Dan Pendidikan, 5(3), 143. https://doi.org/10.29210/119800
Barseli, M., Ifdil, I., & Fitria, L. (2020). Stress akademik akibat Covid-19. Jurnal Penelitian Guru Indonesia, 5(2), 95–99.
Borualogo, I. S. (2018). Resilience on Human Trafficking Victims in West Java. MIMBAR : Jurnal Sosial Dan Pembangunan, 34(1), 204–212. https://doi.org/10.29313/mimbar.v34i1.2856
Borualogo, I. S., & Casas, F. (2019). Adaptation and Validation of The Children’s Worlds Subjective Well-Being Scale (CW-SWBS) in Indonesia. Jurnal Psikologi, 46(2), 102. https://doi.org/10.22146/jpsi.38995
Borualogo, I. S., & Jefferies, P. (2019). Adapting the Child and Youth Resilience Measure-Revised for Indonesian Contexts. In Journal of Educational, Health and Community Psychology (Vol. 8, Issue 4). Jefferies.
Cui, Y., Li, Y., & Zheng, Y. (2020). Mental health services for children in China during the COVID-19 pandemic: results of an expert-based national survey among child and adolescent psychiatric hospitals. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 29(6), 743–748. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-020-01548-x
Cummins, R. A. (2014). Understanding the well-being of children and adolescents through homeostatic theory. In Handbook of Child Well-Being: Theories, Methods and Policies in Global Perspective (pp. 635–661). Springer Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-9063-8_152
Cusinato, M., Iannattone, S., Spoto, A., Poli, M., Moretti, C., Gatta, M., & Miscioscia, M. (2020). Stress, resilience, and well-being in Italian children and their parents during the COVID-19 pandemic. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(22), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17228297
Diener, E. (2000). Subjective well-being: The science of happiness and a proposal for a national index. American Psychologist, 55(1), 34–43. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.55.1.34
Diener, E. (2009). The science of well-being: The collected works of Ed Diener (Vol. 37). Dordrecht: Springer.
Dvorsky, M. R., Breaux, R., & Becker, S. P. (2020). Finding ordinary magic in extraordinary times: child and adolescent resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic. In European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-020-01583-8
Fauziyyah, R., Awinda, R. C., & Besral, B. (2021). Dampak Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh terhadap Tingkat Stres dan Kecemasan Mahasiswa selama Pandemi COVID-19. Jurnal Biostatistik, Kependudukan, Dan Informatika Kesehatan, 1(2), 113. https://doi.org/10.51181/bikfokes.v1i2.4656
Gadzella, B. M., & Masten, W. G. (2005). An Analysis Of The Categories In The Student-Life Stress Inventory. American Journal of Psychological Research, 1(1), 1–10.
Halimah, L., Kusdiyati, S., & Susandari, S. (2017). Pengaruh Konteks Teman Sebaya Terhadap Keterlibatan Belajar dengan Mediator Self-System Processes. Psympathic : Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi, 4(2), 265–274. https://doi.org/10.15575/psy.v4i2.1612
Harahap, A. C. P., Harahap, D. P., & Harahap, S. R. (2020). Analisis Tingkat Stres Akademik Pada Mahasiswa Selama Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh Dimasa Covid-19. Biblio Couns : Jurnal Kajian Konseling Dan Pendidikan, 3(1), 10–14. https://doi.org/10.30596/bibliocouns.v3i1.4804
Höltge, J., Theron, L., Cowden, R. G., Govender, K., Maximo, S. I., Carranza, J. S., Kapoor, B., Tomar, A., van Rensburg, A., Lu, S., Hu, H., Cavioni, V., Agliati, A., Grazzani, I., Smedema, Y., Kaur, G., Hurlington, K. G., Sanders, J., Munford, R., … Ungar, M. (2021). A Cross-Country Network Analysis of Adolescent Resilience. Journal of Adolescent Health, 68(3), 580–588. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.07.010
Hurlock, E. B. (2012). Psikologi Perkembangan: Suatu Pendekatan Sepanjang Rentang Kehidupan. Jakarta: Erlangga.
Jefferies, P., McGarrigle, L., & Ungar, M. (2019). The CYRM-R: A Rasch-Validated Revision of the Child and Youth Resilience Measure. Journal of Evidence-Informed Social Work, 16(1), 70–92. https://doi.org/10.1080/23761407.2018.1548403
Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Indonesia. (2020). Data Pokok Pendidikan- Data Peserta Didik.Diakses dari https://dapo.kemdikbud.go.id/pd
Kimhi, S., Eshel, Y., Marciano, H., & Adini, B. (2020). A renewed outbreak of the COVID−19 pandemic: A longitudinal study of distress, resilience, and subjective well-being. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(21), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17217743
Kirmani, M. N., Sharma, P., & Anas, M. (2015). Hope, resilience and subjective well-being among college going adolescent girls. International Journal of Humanities & Social Science Studies (IJHSSS) A Peer-Reviewed Bi-Monthly Bi-Lingual Research Journal, 2(1), 262–270. http://oaji.net/articles/2015/1115-1438581068.pdf
Koay, W. I., & Dillon, D. (2020). Community gardening: Stress, well-being, and resilience potentials. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(18), 1–31. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186740
Kusdiyati, S., Halimah, L., & Rianawati, R. (2010). Teman Sebaya dengan “ Misdemeanors †di SMKN 8. XXVI(2), 123–134. https://media.neliti.com/media/publications/7395-ID-hubungan-persepsi-mengenai-peran-kelompok-teman-sebaya-dengan-misdemeanors-di-sm.pdf
Liebenberg, L., Ungar, M., & van de Vijver, F. (2012). Validation of the Child and Youth Resilience Measure-28 (CYRM-28) among Canadian Youth. Research on Social Work Practice, 22, 219-226. doi:10.1177/1049731511428619.
Masten, A. S. (2001). Ordinary magic: Resilience processes in development. American Psychologist, 56(3), 227–238. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.56.3.227
Nayana, F. N. (2013). KEFUNGSIAN KELUARGA DAN SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING PADA REMAJA.
Pavot, W., & Diener, E. (2004). The subjective evaluation of well-being in adulthood: Findings and implications. Ageing International, 29(2), 113–135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12126-004-1013-4
Ungar, M. (2006). Nurturing hidden resilience in at-risk youth in different cultures. Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child and adolescent Psychiatry, 15(2), 53.
Ungar, M. (2011). The social ecology of resilience: Addressing contextual and cultural ambiguity of a nascent construct. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 81(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1939-0025.2010.01067.x
Ungar, M. (2013). Resilience, Trauma, Context, and Culture. Trauma, Violence, and Abuse, 14(3), 255–266. https://doi.org/10.1177/1524838013487805
Yıldırım, M., & Arslan, G. (2020). Exploring the Associations Between Resilience, Dispositional Hope, Preventive Behaviours, Subjective Well-Being, and Psychological Health Among Adults During Early Stage of COVID-19. April. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/vpu5q
Zhang, C., Ye, M., Fu, Y., Yang, M., Luo, F., Yuan, J., & Tao, Q. (2020). The Psychological Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Teenagers in China. Journal of Adolescent Health, 67(6), 747–755. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.08.026
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/.v0i0.28407
