Pengaruh Stigma Merokok Terhadap Perilaku Merokok Pada Perokok Aktif Dewasa Awal Usia 18-30 Tahun

Silvia Elmalia Putri, Stephani Raihana Hamdan

Abstract


Abstract. Smoking behavior can be seen from everyday life, and it is becoming more and more common and growing. Smoking and hanging out with friends is more comfortable and fun, this is not infrequently the reason the environment is a factor that maintains smoking behavior. Can be seen and found in public places Even assuming that adults have reached the legal smoking age, it cannot cover up smoking in early adulthood. This is often a predisposing factor for them because of the perception that adults smoke. Where early adulthood is vulnerable aged 18 to 30 years is vulnerable to dependence or addiction to cigarettes. Smoking behavior is also inseparable from the embedded stigma or from passive smoking for negative judgments about smoking behavior. Smoking stigma refers to negative stereotypes associated with smoking that identify it as a socially unacceptable or undesirable activity, resulting in the exclusion, rejection, or devaluation of smokers. The purpose of this study is to provide information on how much influence smoking stigma has on smoking behavior in early adult smokers. This study uses quantitative methods with sampling technique by means of purposive sampling. The measuring instrument uses The Internalized Stigma of Smoking Inventory (ISSI) which was adapted by the researcher and the Smoking Assessment Questionnaire which has been adapted by (Stephani Raihana Hamdan, 2013). The data analysis technique in this study used simple linear regression analysis. The number of subjects in this study were 127 subjects. The results showed that there was a significant effect of smoking stigma variable on smoking behavior with p = 0.000 t = -8.919, and there was a negative influence where when smoking stigma was high, smoking behavior was low, and vice versa when smoking stigma was low, smoking behavior was high, which was significant. smoking on smoking behavior with p = 0.000 R = 0.389.

Keywords: Smoking Stigma, Smoking Behavior.

Abstrak: Perilaku merokok dapat terlihat dari kehidupan sehari–hari, dan ini menjadi semakin umum dan berkembang. Merokok dan berkumpul dengan teman lebih nyaman dan asik, ini tidak jarang menjadi alasan lingkungan menjadi faktor yang mempertahankan perilaku merokok. Dapat dilihat dan ditemukan di tempat umum Bahkan dengan asumsi bahwa orang dewasa telah mencapai usia merokok yang sah, hal itu tidak dapat menutupi kebiasaan merokok di awal masa dewasa. Hal ini tidak jarang menjadi faktor predisposisi mereka karena adanya persepsi bahwa orang dewasa itu merokok. Dimana usia dewasa awal rentan usia 18 hingga 30 tahun ini rentan ketergantungan atau kecanduan terhadap rokok. Perilaku merokok juga tidak terlepas dari stigma yang tertanam atau dari perokok pasif atas penilaian negatif mengenai perilaku merokok. Stigma merokok mengacu pada stereotip negatif yang terkait dengan merokok yang mengidentifikasinya sebagai aktivitas yang tidak dapat diterima atau tidak diinginkan secara sosial, yang mengakibatkan pengucilan, penolakan, atau devaluasi perokok. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk memberikan informasi mengenai seberapa besar pengaruh stigma merokok terhadap perilaku merokok pada perokok dewasa awal. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan Teknik sampling dengan cara purposive sampling. Alat ukur menggunakan The Internalized Stigma of Smoking Inventory (ISSI) yang diadaptasi oleh peneliti dan Smoking Assessment Questionnaire yang telah diadaptasi oleh (Stephani Raihana Hamdan, 2013). Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis regresi linier sederhana. Jumlah subjek dalam penelitian ini sejumlah 127 subjek. Hasil penelitian diperoleh adanya pengaruh signifikan variabel stigma merokok terhadap perilaku merokok dengan p = 0,000 t = -8,919, dan terdapat pengaruh negatif dimana ketika stigma merokok tinggi maka perilaku merokok rendah, begitu juga sebaliknya ketika stigma merokok rendah maka perilaku merokok tinggi yang signifikan variabel stigma merokok terhadap perilaku merokok dengan p = 0,000 R = 0,389.

Kata Kunci: Stigma Merokok, Perilaku Merokok


Keywords


Stigma Merokok, Perilaku Merokok

Full Text:

PDF

References


Azwar, S. (2015). Metode Penelitian. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.

Brown-Johnson, C. G., Cataldo, J. K., & Orozo, N., Lisha, N. E., Hickman III, N. J., & Prochaska, J. J. (2015). Validity and reliability of the internalized stigma of smoking inventory: An exploration of shame, isolation, and discrimination in smokers with mental health diagnoses. The American Journal on Addictions, 24, 410–418.

Brown-Johnson, C. G., & Popova, L. (2016). Exploring smoking stigma, alternative tobacco product use, & quit attempts. Health Behavior and Policy Review, 3(1), 13–20.

Evans-Polce, R. J., Castaldelli-Maia, J. M., Schomerus, G., & Evans-Lacko, S. E. (2015). The downside of tobacco control? Smoking and self-stigma: A systematic review. Social Science & Medicine, 145, 26–34.

Guarneri, J. A., Oberleitner, D. E., & Connolly, S. (2019). Perceived stigma and self-stigma in college students: A literature review and implications for practice and research. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 41(1), 48–62.

Hamdan, Stephani R. (2013). Analisa Keyakinan Remaja : Menuju Hidup Tanpa Rokok. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Psikologi UNISBA 2013. ISBN 978-979-8634-44-4.

Helweg-Larsen, M., Sorgen, L. J., & Pisinger, C. (2019). Does it help smokers if we stigmatize them? A test of the stigma-induced identity threat model among U.S. and Danish smokers. Social Cognition, 37(3), 294–313.

Kim, S. H., & Shanahan, J. (2003). Stigmatizing smokers: Public sentiment toward cigarette smoking and its relationship to smoking behaviors. Journal of Health Communication, 8(4), 343–367.

Kim, J., Xiaoxia, C., & Meczkowski, E. (2018). Does stigmatization motivate people to quit smoking? Examining the effect of stigmatizing antismoking campaigns on cessation intention. Health Communication, 33 (6), 681–689.

O’Connor, R. J., Rees, W. V., Rivard, C., Hatsukami, D. K., & Cummings, K. M. (2017). Internalized smoking stigma in relation to quit intentions, quit attempts, and current e-cigarette use. Substance Abuse, 38(3), 330–336.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/.v0i0.28383

Flag Counter    Â