Pengaruh Health Belief Model terhadap Kepatuhan Mengikuti Protokol Kesehatan di Masa Pandemi Covid-19

Abstract

Abstract. The Influence of Health Belief Model on Compliance Following Health Protocols During the Covid-19 Pandemic. Today the world is surprised by the emergence of a new disease with the name covid-19. The disease is very fast spread almost every country has been infected with covid-19, because of the very rapid spread who designated covid-19 as a pandemic. Various prevention efforts were carried out including the implementation of health protocol regulations, but there are still many violations make the rule has not run effectively it is due to the perception that feeling not susceptible to infection or believing that it is impossible to be infected and a lack of understanding of the benefits of healthy behavior. This is related to a person's health belief in the health beliefe model theory explaining how an individual's perception of a disease can affect an individual's decisions in behavior towards health (Setiyaningsing, Tomtomo, & Suryani, 2016). This study aims to see how much influence the health belief model has on the level of compliance of health protocol rules during the covid-19 pandemic. The research method used quantitative non-experimental causality with the number of subjects of 240 people with ages 17-30 in Bandung regency was selected by random sampling. Data collection using health belief model measuring instruments and Compliance. The results showed that health belief affects compliance by 61.9%.

Keywords: Health Belief Model, Compliance, Covid-19

Abstrak. Pengaruh Health Belief Model Terhadap Kepatuhan Mengikuti Protokol Kesehatan Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19. Saat ini dunia dikejutkan dengan munculnya penyakit baru dengan nama covid-19. Penyakit tersebut sangat cepet penyebarannya hampir setiap negara sudah terinfeksi covid-19, karena penyebaran yang sangat cepat tersebut WHO menetapkan covid-19 sebagai pandemi. Berbagai upaya pencegahanpun dilakukan termasuk diterapkannya peraturan protokol kesehatan, namun masih banyaknya pelanggaran membuat aturan tersebut belum berjalan secara efektif hal tersebut disebabkan karena adanya persepsi bahwa merasa tidak rentan  teinfeksi atau meyakini bahwa tidak mungkin terinfeksi serta kurangnya pemahaman mengenai manfaat dalam berpilaku sehat. Hal ini berkaitan dengan health belief seseorang dalam teori health beliefe model menjelaskan bagaimana persepsi individu mengenai suatu pernyakit dapat berpengaruh pada keputusan individu dalam berprilaku terhadap kesehatan (Setiyaningsing, Tomtomo, & Suryani, 2016). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat seberapa besar pengaruh health belief model terhadap tingkat kepatuhan aturan protokol kesehatan di masa pandemi covid-19. Metode penelitian yang digunakan kuantitatif kausalitas non-eksperimental dengan jumlah subjek 240 orang dengan usia 17-30 di Kabupaten Bandung dipilih dengan cara random sampling. Pengumpulan data menggunakan alat ukur health belief model dan Kepatuhan. Hasil penelitian menujukan bahwa health belief  berpengaruh terhadap kepatuhan sebesar 61,9%.

Kata Kunci : Health Belief Model, Kepatuhan, Covid-19