Pengembangan Sistem Ventilasi dalam Fase Development Mining untuk Pengoperasian Metode Block Caving di Tambang Emas PT. Bumi Suksesindo Kabupaten Banyuwangi Provinsi Jawa Timur

Rifqi Feishal Mahbub, Stefano Munir, Dudi Nasrudin Usman

Abstract


Abstract. The ventilation system has an important role in underground mining, one of which is to provide safety and comfort for mine workers and mechanical equipment. Along with the increasing progress of tunnel development, which causes temperature and air pressure to increase, PT Bumi Suksesindo needs to carry out analysis and development of the mine ventilation system network. This research on the mine ventilation system at PT Bumi Suksesindo aims to determine the performance of the mine ventilation system, analyze problems arising from the mine ventilation system, and determine efforts to improve the mine ventilation system using ventsim software, so that the air needs on the face can be met. PT Bumi Suksesindo's underground mine is still in the mining development with a tunnel development target of 2000 m. The ventilation system at PT Bumi Suksesindo consists of 2 forcing fans that are installed to meet the needs of clean air at drill cuddy and face decline, and 3 exhausting fans to remove dirty air from the front of the work. The average discharge of clean air in drill cuddy is 9.9 m3/s, this condition has not been able to meet the ideal air requirements, as regulated in the Kepmen ESDM Number 1827/2018, that for the minimum air discharge of one worker is 0,03 m3/s and a mechanical device is 0,05 m3/s. Judging from the geographical conditions, the forcing fan installation location is at an elevation of 120 msl with the air source being sucked from the portal at an elevation of 160 msl. The climatic conditions of the research area are tropical, with an average temperature of 27,5oC and humidity of 85%. Based on geological conditions, the research location is in a batuampar rock formation, with a porphyry type of deposit, and a mineralized zone in andesitic volcanic rocks. From the results of ventsim software modeling, the air flow to the drill cuddy 3 and face decline experienced a shortage of 11.86 m3/s, this was due to the too large air supply to the drill cuddy 1 and drill cuddy 2 and there was an air leak in the vent duct, amounting to 11,09 m3/s or the equivalent of air requirements for 370 people. Improvement efforts are being made to increase air flow in the work area, by adding a booster fan 1x55 Kw on stockpile 7, so that it will increase air supply to drill cuddy 3 and face decline, and by adjusting the vent duct regulator by 50% so that air pressure increases. Of all the improvement efforts, it will fulfill the air needs of the entire work area and increase the air quantity by 39.11% from the previous condition.

Keywords: Main Fan, Mine Ventilation, Cuddy Drill, Ventsim Software.

Abstrak. Sistem ventilasi memiliki peranan penting dalam tambang bawah tanah, salah satunya adalah memberikan keamanan dan kenyamanan bagi pekerja tambang dan alat mekanis. Seiring dengan bertambahnya kemajuan terowongan development, yang mengakibatkan temperatur dan tekanan udara meningkat, maka PT Bumi Suksesindo perlu melakukan analisis dan pengembangan jaringan sistem ventilasi tambang. Penelitian sistem ventilasi tambang di PT Bumi Suksesindo ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kinerja sistem ventilasi tambang, menganalisis masalah yang timbul dari sistem ventilasi tambang, dan menentukan upaya tindakan perbaikan sistem ventilasi tambang menggunakan software ventsim, agar kebutuhan udara di face dapat terpenuhi. Keadaan tambang bawah tanah PT Bumi Suksesindo, masih dalam tahap development mining dengan target terowongan development sejauh 2000 m. Sistem ventilasi di PT Bumi Suksesindo terdiri dari, 2 forcing fan yang dipasang untuk memenuhi kebutuhan udara bersih pada drill cuddy dan face decline, serta 3 exhausting fan untuk mengeluarkan udara kotor dari front kerja. Debit rata-rata udara bersih pada setiap drill cuddy sebesar 9,9 m3/s, kondisi ini belum mampu memenuhi kebutuhan udara yang ideal, sebagaimana telah diatur dalam Kepmen ESDM Nomor 1827 Tahun 2018, bahwa untuk debit minimum udara satu orang pekerja sebesar 0,03 m3/s dan alat mekanis sebesar 0,05 m3/s. Ditinjau dari kondisi geografis, lokasi pemasangan forcing fan berada pada elevasi 120 mdpl dengan sumber udara dari portal pada elevasi 160 mdpl. Kondisi iklim daerah penelitian adalah tropis, dengan suhu rata-rata sebesar 27,5oC dan kelembapan udara sebesar 85%. Berdasarkan kondisi geologi, lokasi penelitian berada di formasi batuampar, dengan tipe endapan porphyry, serta zona mineralisasi pada batuan gunung api andesitic. Dari hasil pemodelan software ventsim, debit udara ke drill cuddy 3 dan face decline mengalami kekurangan sebesar 11,86 m3/s, ini disebabkan suplai udara yang terlalu besar ke drill cuddy 1 dan drill cuddy 2 serta terdapat kebocoran pada vent duct, sebesar 11,09 m3/s atau setara dengan kebutuhan udara bagi 370 orang. Upaya perbaikan yang dilakukan untuk meningkatkan debit udara di area kerja, dengan menambahkan booster fan 1x55 Kw pada stockpile 7, sehingga akan menambah suplai udara ke drill cuddy 3 dan face decline, serta dengan mengatur regulator vent duct sebesar 50% agar tekanan udara meningkat. Dari semua upaya perbaikan, maka akan memenuhi kebutuhan udara seluruh area kerja dan meningkatkan kuantitas udara sebesar 39,11% dari kondisi sebelumnya.

Kata Kunci: Main Fan, Ventilasi Tambang, Drill Cuddy, Ventsim.


Keywords


Main Fan, Ventilasi Tambang, Drill Cuddy, Ventsim.

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/pertambangan.v6i2.23881

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