Pengaruh Persen Solid, Laju Umpan dan Tekanan Air terhadap Recovery Emas dengan Menggunakan Alat Knelson Concentartor
Abstract
Abstract. Gravitational concentration is the oldest method of mineral processing. The use of gravity techniques for gold recovery has declined since the development of chemical separation methods such as flotation and leaching. In recent years, because of the pressures on the concern for sustainable environmental impacts, the benefits of gravitational separation are of concern again. For that purpose, Knelson Concentrator was developed which can separate on small or very small size, so it can overcome the disadvantages of gravitational seperation. The Knelson Concentrator separates minerals by utilizing the dynamic balance between gravity and centrifugal forces. One of the regions that have primary gold ore reserve is Cigaru, Kertajaya Village, Pelabuhan Ratu sub-district, Sukabumi district, West Java Provision. Gold deposits in primary ores have fine or very fine spread characteristics (<75 μm) in quartz veins or in complex sulphide minerals. To be able to separate the gold from the impurities, a primary gold ore test was performed by using Knelson Concentrator with size -100 #. The study was conducted with variable% solid (X); 20% (X1); 25% (X2); 30% (X3), Feed rate (Y); 0.5 kg / min (Y1); 0.7 kg / min (Y2); 0.9 kg / minute (Y3), water pressure (Z); 2.0 kg / cm2 (Z1); 2.5 kg / cm2 (Z2); 2.8 kg / cm2 (Z3). The study used 27 samples, each sample weighed 2 kg. Analysis of feed content, concentrate and tailings results using fire assay method. The results showed that the optimum process variables obtained levels and recovery were X2Y2Z2 (25% solid, 0.7 kg / min, 2.5 kg / cm2). Optimal recovery is 86.90% with a concentration of 14.15 g / t which is increased from baseline level of 5.01 g / t.
Keywords: Gravity, Knelson Concentrator, Recovery
Abstrak. Konsentrasi secara gravitasi adalah metode pengolahan mineral yang paling tua.. Penggunaan teknik gravitasi untuk recovery emas menurun sejak berkembangnya metode pemisahan secara kimia seperti flotasi dan leaching. Belakangan ini, karena tekanan terhadap kepedulian dampak lingkungan yang berkelanjutan, keuntungan pemisahan secara gravitasi menjadi perhatian kembali. Untuk itu dikembangkan Knelson Concentrator yang dapat memisahkan pada ukuran kecil atau sangat kecil, sehingga dapat mengatasi kelemahan pemisahan secara gravitasi. Knelson Concentrator memisahkan mineral dengan memanfaatkan keseimbangan dinamis antara gaya gravitasi dan sentrifugal. Salah satu daerah yang memiliki cadangan bijih emas primer yaitu Cigaru, Kelurahan Kertajaya, Kecamatan Pelabuhan Ratu, Kabupaten sukabumi, Provinsi Jawa Barat. Cadangan emas pada bijih primer memiliki karakteristik tersebar halus atau sangat halus (<75 µm) pada urat kuarsa atau pada mineral sulfida komplek. Untuk dapat memisahkan emas dari pengotornya maka dilakukan penelitian bijih emas primer menggunakan Knelson Concentrator dengan ukuran bijih -100 #. Penelitian dilakukan dengan variabel % solid (X); 20% (X1); 25% (X2); 30% (X3), laju Umpan (Y) ; 0,5 kg/menit (Y1); 0,7 kg/menit (Y2); 0,9 kg/menit (Y3), tekanan air (Z) ; 2,0 kg/cm2 (Z1); 2,5 kg/cm2(Z2); 2,8 kg/cm2(Z3). Penelitian menggunakan 27 sampel, setiap sampel mempunyai berat 2 kg. Analisa kadar feed, hasil konsentrat dan tailing menggunakan metode fire assay. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan variabel proses yang optimum memperoleh kadar dan recovery adalah X2Y2Z2 (25% solid, 0,7 kg/menit, 2,5 kg/cm2). Recovery optimal yaitu sebesar 86,90 % dengan kadar 14,15 g/t yang ditingkatkan dari kadar awal sebesar 5,01 g/t.
Kata kunci: Gravity, Knelson Concentrator, Recovery
Keywords
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/pertambangan.v0i0.14868
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