Fenomena Pseudonim Di Twitter Studi Fenomenologi Konstruksi Identitas Cyber Account di Twitter

Abstract

Abstract. The use of social media contributes a lot to the growth of new media, Twitter for example. With qualitative being the method and phenomenology being the research approach, this study aims to get to know people with pseudonym identities on Twitter through their experience, with users of Twitter Cyber Account as the subjects. The comprehension of sensory experiences resolved into meaning and motive. The result of this study showed their sensory experiences can be explained by three discourses of social media; Market Discourse, Play Discourse, and Social Discourse. Market Discourse explained the meanings of the subjects' account were their accounts being a media to convey ideas that couldn't be conveyed in the life outside of the Cyber Account world, becoming the tool to eliminate fears of people's judgement from outside of the Cyber Account world, lastly becoming a self-actualization in their social lives. Play discourse explained the motive was to help giving comprehension of personal identity, gain knowledge about interests obtained in the Cyber Account world, interact with fellow pseudonym account users, spend leisure time, convey emotions and ideas. Social discourse explained the contents were mutual-searching, question and answer, and viral tweets—where subjects felt like they’re obligated to provide those contents because of their identity. These pseudonyms exist and don't change the subjects, instead they become a form of evolution of their consciousness then manifested in the act of communication.

Keywords: Cyber Account, Pseudonym Account, Pseudonyms, Social Media, Discourse

Abstrak. Penggunaan media sosial memberikan pengaruh besar pada perkembangan new media, contohnya Twitter. Penelitian yang menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi ini bertujuan untuk memahami pandangan orang-orang beridentitas pseudonim atau semu di Twitter melalui pengalaman mereka, dengan subjek yang merupakan pengguna akun pseudonim kategori “Cyber Accountâ€. Pemahaman pengalaman dibagi menjadi makna, motif, dan konten. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemahaman pandangan mereka dapat diketahui melalui tiga discourses dalam media sosial; Market Discourse, Play Discourse, dan Social Discourse. Dengan konsep market discourse, maknanya adalah media sebagai penyampai gagasan yang tidak dapat diungkapkan di luar Cyber Account, alat penghilang ketakutan terhadap pendapat orang di luar dunia Cyber Account, dan bentuk aktualisasi diri dalam kehidupan sosial mereka. Play discourse menjelaskan motifnya yakni memberikan pemahaman identitas pribadi, mendapatkan ilmu mengenai ketertarikan yang bisa didapat di dunia Cyber Account, berinteraksi dengan sesama akun pseudonim, mengisi waktu luang, dan meluapkan emosi serta gagasan. Dan social discourse menjelaskan konten Cyber Account, yakni pencarian mutuals, tanya-jawab, dan viral tweets—di mana subjek merasa wajib untuk memberikan konten tersebut karena identitasnya. Identitas-identitas semu ini ada dan tidak mengubah para subjek, melainkan sebagai bentuk evolusi dari kesadaran mereka lalu diwujudkan dalam tindakan komunikasi.

Kata Kunci: Cyber Account, Akun Pseudonim, Identitas Semu, Social Media, Discourse