Karakterisasi Simplisia dan Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Buah Naga Merah (Hylocereus lemairei (Hook.) Britton & Rose)

Abstract

Abstract. Red dragon fruit is a fruit that is often consumed by Indonesia people because its rich in the efficacy and benefits, while the peel is also has the same efficacy from the fruit, so the peel is widely used. This study aimed to determine the characterization of crude extract from the peel of red dragon fruit. The research was started with the making of plant material, determination of specific and non-specific parameters of plant material, extraction by maceration method, also phytochemical screening of plant material and red dragon fruit peel extracts. From the results of this research concluded that red dragon fruit peel plant material are characterized as follows, the water content was 9,99%, total ash 14,32%, acid insoluble ash content was 1,67%, water soluble extract content was 44,29%, ethanol soluble extract content was 17,97%. Plant material and red dragon fruit peel extract contained secondary metabolites of flavonoid, quinone, polyphenol, tannin, monoterpene and sequiterpene.

Abstrak. Buah naga merah merupakan salah satu buah yang sering dikonsumsi masyarakat Indonesia karena kaya akan khasiat dan manfaatnya, sedangkan kulitnya pun diduga mempunyai khasiat yang sama dari buahnya, sehingga kulitnya banyak dimanfaatkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakterisasi simplisia ekstrak dari kulit buah naga merah. Adapun penelitian yang dilakukan meliputi pembuatan simplisia, penentuan parameter spesifik dan non spesifik simplisia, ekstraksi dengan metode maserasi, serta penapisan fitokimia simplisia dan ekstrak kulit buah naga merah. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa simplisia kulit buah naga merah memiliki karakterisasi sebagai berikut, kadar air 9,99%, kadar abu total 14,32%, kadar abu tidak larut asam 1,67%, kadar sari larut air 44,29%, kadar sari larut etanol 17,97%. Simplisia dan ekstrak kulit buah naga merah mengandung metabolit sekunder flavonoid, kuinon, polifenol, tannin, monoterpen dan sekuiterpen.