Karakterisasi Simplisia dan Ekstrak Etil Asetat Daun Paitan (Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsley) A. Gray)

Abstract

Abstract. Paitan leave (Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsley) A. Gray) is a plant that has been used for centuries in traditional medicine because its chemical compounds that beneficial for health. This study aimed to determine the characteristic of plant material and ethyl acetate extracts of paitan leave. Plant material characteristic involved phytochemical screening and then plant material and extract parameters were done. Plant material parameters involved organoleptic, determination of water content, drying shrinkage, total ash, acid insoluble ash, content of water soluble extract and content of ethanol soluble extract. While extract determination included organoleptic and density. Results of phytochemical screening on plant material were positively contained polyphenol, flavonoid, saponins, quinone, tannin and triterpenoid / steroid. While the results of phytochemical screening on extract were positive containing polyphenol, flavonoids, tannin, quinone and triterpenoid / steroids. The results of plant material quality standard parameter showed that the plant material powder had green color and distinctive smell, determination of water content (5.200%), drying shrinkage (8.958%), total ash (11.918%), acid insoluble ash content (0.708%), content of water soluble extract (20.810%) and the content of ethanol soluble extract (12.241%). The results of extracts quality parameter showed that crude extract of ethyl acetate had green color, distinctive smell with density (0.900%).

Abstrak. Daun paitan (Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsley) A. Gray) merupakan tumbuhan yang telah berabad-abad digunakan sebagai obat tradisional karena memiliki kandungan senyawa kimia yang bermanfaat bagi kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan karakteristik simplisia dan ekstrak etil asetat daun paitan. Karakteristik simplisia meliputi penapisan fitokimia dan penetapan standar mutu simplisia dan ekstrak. Penetapan mutu simplisia meliputi organoleptis, penetapan kadar air, susut pengeringan, kadar abu total, kadar abu tidak larut asam, kadar sari larut air dan kadar sari larut etanol. Sedangkan penetapan mutu ekstrak meliputi organoeptis dan bobot jenis. Hasil penapisan fitokimia simplisia mengandung senyawa polifenolat, flavonoid, saponin, kuinon, tanin dan triterpenoid/steroid. Sedangkan hasil fitokimia ekstrak mengandung senyawa polifenolat, flavonoid, tanin, kuinon dan triterpenoid/steroid. Hasil penetapan standar mutu simplisia menunjukkan bahwa serbuk simplisia memiliki warna hijau dan berbau khas, penetapan kadar air (5,200%), susut pengeringan (8,958%), kadar abu total (11,918%), kadar abu tidak larut asam (0,708%), kadar sari larut air (20,810%) dan kadar sari larut etanol (12,241%). Hasil penetapan standar mutu ekstrak menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak kental etil asetat memiliki warna hijau, berbau khas dengan bobot jenis (0,900%).