Risk Factors of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases (COPD) Patients.

Abstract

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a disease which is expected to be the third leading cause of death in the world by 2020. COPD patients have immune dysfunction so the patients susceptible to infection. The risk of infection in COPD cause Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP. The purpose of this study was to describe the characteristics of CAP in COPD patients. This study was descriptive study using cross sectional method by evaluating data from CAP with COPD patient’s medical record in Inpatient Unit of Dr. H.A. Rotinsulu Lung’s Hospital Bandung in year 2016. There are 350 patients with COPD and 87 patients COPD with CAP. Then, 45 samples were taken for study. Result showed that the characteristics of COPD with CAP patients were: gender male (84,44%), female (15,56%); age between 40 until 59 and 60 until 79 year (46,67%), under 40 year (4,44%), ≥80 year (2,22%); severity of COPD with severe (53,33%), very severe (22,22%), moderate (17,78%), mild (6,67%); hypertension comorbidities (33,35%), diabetes (24,44%), ischemic heart diseases (15,56%), malnutrition (13,33%), lung fibrotic (11,11%), asthma and hyperlipidemia (8,89%), bronchiectasis (6,67%), malignancy and heart failure (2,22%). From this study can be concluded that the general characteristics of CAP  patients with COPD were male, age between 40 until 59 year and 60 until 79 years, severe of COPD severity, and hypertension and diabetes mellitus comorbidities.