Perbedaan Kenaikan Berat Badan Setelah Pemberian Obat Anti Tuberkulosis pada Penderita TB Paruanak

Abstract

Abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the children's infectious disease caused by bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis (mTB) that occurs in children aged 0-14 years. Six months administration of Anti Tuberculosis Drugs (ATB) effectively increase the body weight. This study was aimed to determine how much the increasement of body weight and the difference between recovered and unrecovered patients after 6 months administration of therapy. This research used an analytical methods. Data obtained from medical records from  January-December 2015. The subjects were  248 children with pulmonary TB who underwent treatment at the General Hospital Al Ihsan Bandung  in 2015. The data was analyzed using Mann Whitney test. 77.8% of recovered patients had an average increase in body weight of  1.50 Kg (14,28%), and 22.2% of unrecovered patients had an average increase in body weight of 1.10 Kg (10,10%). The tendency of weight increasement in recovered children was higher (14.28%) compared to unrecovered children (10.10%), with p = 0.319 (p≤0.05). This study concluded that after underwent after 6 months administration of therapy, most children with TB experienced the increasement of body weight, and there was a significant difference of increasement in  body weight between children with TB who were recovered and unrecovered after 6 months administration of therapy. This study concluded that the majority of children pulmonary tuberculosis patients after 6 months administration of therapy experienced weight increasement and there were a significant difference in weight increasement among recovered and unrecovered pulmonary tuberculosis children after 6 months administration of therapy.

Abstrak: Tuberkulosis (TB) anak merupakan salah satu penyakit infeksi menular akibat bakteri Mycobacterium tuberculosis (mTB) yang terjadi pada anak usia 0-14 tahun. Pemberian OAT selama 6 bulan secara efektif dapat memberikan respon berupa kenaikan berat badan (BB) pasien. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui berapakah kenaikan BB dan bagaimana perbedaan penderita yang sembuh dan tidak sembuh setelah pemberian OAT selama 6 bulan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analitik. Data diperoleh dari rekam medis pada periode bulan Januari-Desember 2015. Subjek penelitian adalah anak penderita TB paru yang menjalani pengobatan di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah (RSUD) Al Ihsan Kabupaten Bandung pada tahun 2015 berjumlah 248 orang. Analisis data menggunakan uji Mann Whitney. Sebanyak 77.8% penderita mengalami kesembuhan dengan rata-rata kenaikan BB 1.50 Kg (14.28%), dan sebanyak 22.2% tidak sembuh dengan rata-rata kenaikan BB 1.10 Kg (10.10%). Didapatkan kecenderungan kenaikan berat badan penderita TB paru anak sembuh lebih tinggi (14.28%) dibandingkan kenaikan berat badan penderita TB paru anak tidak sembuh (10.10%), penderita sembuh dan tidak sembuh setelah pemberian OAT selama 6 bulan dengan nilai p = 0.319 (p≤0.05). Penelitian ini memberikan kesimpulan bahwa sebagian besar penderita TB paru anak setelah pemberian terapi OAT selama 6 bulan pengobatan mengalami kenaikan berat badan dan terdapat perbedaan bermakna kenaikan berat badan antara penderita TB paru anak yang sembuh dan tidak sembuh setelah pemberian terapi OAT selama 6 bulan.