Perbedaan Kejadian Stunting Kelompok Usia 6-24 Bulan yang Mendapatkan ASI saja dengan ASI ditambah Susu Formula (di Kelurahan Sukakarya Kota Sukabumi)

Abstract

Abstract. Stunting is a chronic malnutrition that can be caused by many factors, one of which is exclusive breastfeeding. The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences in the incidence of stunting in the 6-24 month age group who were only breastfed with breast milk plus formula milk in the Sukakarya Village of Sukabumi City. This research is an observational analysis with a cross-sectional design. Data collection was taken from secondary data from body length measurements and questionnaires regarding breastfeeding and breastfeeding plus formula milk. The research subjects were the 6-24 month age group recorded at the Sukakarya Village Puskesmas for the period August-November 2020 which met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data analysis using the Chi-Square Test. This research was conducted in Sukakarya village with a sample size of 96 respondents, consisting of 48 respondents who received breast milk only and 48 respondents who received breast milk plus formula milk. In the group that received breast milk only 10 people (20.83%) were stunted and in the group who received breast milk plus formula milk, 6 people (12.50%) were stunted. Based on gender, most of the women were 9 people who were stunted compared to 7 people. From the results of the study, it was found that there was no difference in the incidence of stunting in the 6-24 month age group who received breast milk alone with breast milk plus formula milk in Sukakarya Village. This study suggests an active role for parents in order to pay attention to children's nutritional intake to prevent stunting.

Keywords: Anthropometry, exclusive breastfeeding, stunting, formula milk

Abstrak. Stunting merupakan status gizi kurang yang bersifat kronik yang dapat sebabkan oleh banyak faktor, salah satunya adalah pemberian ASI ekslusif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis perbedaan kejadian stunting pada kelompok usia 6-24 bulan yang diberi ASI saja dengan ASI ditambah susu formula di Kelurahan Sukakarya Kota Sukabumi. Penelitian bersifat observasional analisis dengan desain cross-sectional. Pengumpulan data diambil dari data sekunder hasil pengukuran panjang badan dan kuesioner mengenai pemberian ASI dan ASI ditambah susu formula. Subjek penelitian adalah kelompok usia 6-24 bulan yang terdata di Puskesmas Kelurahan Sukakarya periode Agustus-November 2020 yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi. Analisis data menggunakan Chi-Square Test. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kelurahan Sukakarya dengan jumlah sampel 96 responden, yang terdiri dari 48 responden yang mendapatkan ASI saja dan 48 responden yang mendapatkan ASI ditambah susu formula. Pada kelompok yang mendapatkan ASI saja 10 orang (20.83%) mengalami stunting dan pada kelompok yang mendapatkan ASI ditambah susu formula 6 orang (12.50%) mengalami stunting. Berdasarkan jenis kelamin sebagian besar perempuan berjumlah 9 orang yang mengalami stunting diabandingkan laki-laki berjumlah 7 orang. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan tidak terdapat perbedaan kejadian stunting pada kelompok usia 6-24 bulan yang mendapatkan ASI saja dengan ASI ditambah susu formula. Penelitian ini menyarankan peran aktif kepada orangtua agar dapat memperhatikan asupan gizi anak untuk mencegah terjadinya stunting.

Kata kunci : Antropometri, ASI eksklusif, stunting, susu formula