Scoping Review: Pengaruh Paparan Asap Rokok terhadap Kadar Kotinin dalam Tubuh Perokok Pasif

Madinatul Munawaroh, Lelly Resna Nugrahawati, Annisa Rahmah Furqaani

Abstract


Abstract. Secondhand smoke is a product produced from the main smoke that is exhaled and the smoke from the tip of the cigarette that is still burning. Passive smokers who contain nicotine which will be metabolized into cotinine use the enzymes CYP2A6 Cytochrome P450, Family 2, Subfamily A, Polypeptides and distros in the body of passive smokers such as blood, saliva and urine. From the measurement results the increase in cotinine levels in the body of passive smokers. The impact of increasing levels of cotinins causes health problems such as lung cancer, oral cancer, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and coronary heart disease. The research objective was to analyze the effect of cigarette smoke on cotinine levels in the body of passive smokers. The research was taken using the scoping review method with the subject of national and international scientific articles that meet the eligibility criteria (elegible). The results in this study were taken from articles to be taken using PICOS, namely Population: Children of passive smoking found in journal articles, Intervention/Exposure:Secondary cigarette smoke, Comparison: Children who do not live with smokers, Results: Body cotinine levels in passive smokers, Studies (RCT, Clinical Trial, and Cross sectional). There are 6 articles that fulfill the eligibility (elegible). The conclusion of this study shows that exposure to passive smoking using cotinine concentrations taken in the body of passive smokers shows an increase in cotinine levels.

Keywords: Cotinine Levels, Secondary Cigarette Smoke, Passive Smokers.

Abstrak. Perokok pasif adalah orang tidak merokok namun ikut menghirup asap rokok dari orang-orang merokok disekitarnya. Produk yang dihirup dihasilkan dari asap utama yang dihembuskan dan asap dari ujung rokok yang masih membara. Perokok pasif memiliki kandungan nikotin yang akan dimetabolisme menjadi kotinin menggunakan enzim CYP2A6 Cytochrome P450, Family 2, Subfamili A, Polypeptide dan didistribusikan dalam tubuh perokok pasif seperti darah, saliva, dan urine. Dari hasil metabolisme mengakibatkan adanya peningkatan kadar kotinin dalam tubuh perokok pasif. Dampak peningkatan kadar kotinin menyebabkan gangguan kesehatan seperti lung cancer, oral cancer, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), dan coronary heart disease. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis pengaruh paparan asap rokok terhadap kadar kotinin dalam tubuh perokok pasif. Penelitian diambil dengan metode scoping review dengan subjek artikel ilmiah nasional dan internasional yang memenuhi kriteria kelayakan (elegible). Hasil pada penelitian ini diambil dari artikel yang akan dinilai secara PICOS, yaitu Population: Anak-anak perokok pasif yang terdapat pada jurnal artikel, Intervention/Exposure: Asap rokok sekunder, Comparison: Anak-anak yang tidak tinggal dengan perokok, Outcome: Kadar kotinin dalam tubuh perokok pasif, Studi: RCT, Clinical Trial, dan Cross Sectional. Artikel yang memenuhi kelayakan (elegible) ada 6 artikel. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pada perokok pasif menunjukan kadar kotinin yang meningkat.

Kata Kunci: Kadar Kotinin, Asap Rokok Sekunder, Perokok Pasif.


Keywords


Kadar Kotinin, Asap Rokok Sekunder, Perokok Pasif.

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/kedokteran.v7i1.26636

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