Hubungan Kadar HbA1c dengan Glukosuria pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di RSUD Al-Ihsan Bandung Provinsi Jawa Barat

Nadia Maytresia Driva, Waya Nurruhyuliawati, Ieva B Akbar

Abstract


Abstract. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is the production of a chronic disease caused by a lack of insulin or the ineffectiveness of the insulin produced. This deficiency causes an increase in blood glucose concentrations, which will damage various body systems, one of which is the kidneys. In people with DM urine sugar can be found that blood glucose levels have exceeded the kidney threshold. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between HbA1c levels and glucosuria in type 2 DM patients. This study used an observational analytical method with a cross-sectional approach. The research data used the medical records of type 2 DM patients at Al-Ihsan Hospital with 66 people who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, consisting of 24 men (36.4%) and 42 women (63.6%), the age range was between 40-65 years as many as 45 people (68.2%). Bivariate analysis using the Chi square test resulted in the analysis of the relationship between HbA1c levels and glucosuria with a p value of 0.036 and an r value of 0.243. Based on the results of the study, it was abbreviated that there was a relationship between HbA1c levels and glucosuria in DM patients with a low positive correlations. Nevertheless, HbA1c cannot be defined as the only criteria for DM diagnostic because, acccording to other studies, HbA1c can also increased in kidney disease (DM nephropathy), cancers, uremics, and cerebral ischemia. The same things happened to glycosuria which not only appears on DM patient. Therefore, the low positive correlations on this study might be happen because of those factors.

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, hbA1c, glucosuri

Abstrak. Diabetes melitus (DM) merupakan penyakit kronis yang disebabkan karena kekurangan produksi insulin atau akibat ketidakefektifan insulin yang diproduksi. Kekurangan tersebut menyebabkan terjadi peningkatan konsentrasi glukosa darah, yang akan merusak berbagai macam sistem tubuh, salah satunya organ ginjal. Pada orang dengan DM glukosa urin dapat ditemukan apabila kadar glukosa darah sudah melebihi ambang threshold ginjal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kadar HbA1c dengan glukosuria pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Data penelitian menggunakan rekam medis pasien DM tipe 2 di RSUD Al-Ihsan dengan jumlah subjek yang memenuhi kriteri inklusi dan eksklusi sebanyak 66 orang yang terdiri dari 24 laki-laki (36.4%) dan 42 perempuan (63.6%), rentang usia tertinggi antara 40-65 tahun sebanyak 45 orang (68.2%). Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji Chi square didapatkan hasil analisis hubungan kadar HbA1c dengan glukosuria dengan nilai p adalah 0,036 dan nilai r 0.243. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara kadar HbA1c dengan glukosuria pada pasien DM, dengan korelasi positif lemah  Hal ini tidak semata- mata dapat menjadikan HbA1c menjadi kriteria diagnosis DM karena menurut beberapa penelitian yang dilakukan sebelumnya, HbA1c dikatakan dapat meningkat pada penyakit ginjal (nefropati DM), kanker, uremia, dan iskemia serebral. Hal serupa terjadi pada glucosuria, yang kejadiannya tidak selalu terjadi pada pasien dengan DM. maka dari itu, korelasi positif lemah pada penelitian ini kemungkinan disebabkan oleh faktor- faktor yang telah disebutkan di atas.

Kata Kunci: Diabetes melitus, hbA1c, glukosuria


Keywords


Diabetes melitus, hbA1c, glukosuria

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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/kedokteran.v7i1.26537

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