Identifikasi Pengaruh Aktivitas Pertambangan Batu Andesit terhadap Lingkungan di Kecamatan Plered Kabupaten Purwakarta

Abstract

Abstract. Andesite mining activities in Plered Sub-district have been longstanding, the presence of andesite stone mining in Plered Sub-district becomes income for raw materials such as construction, bridges, roads, buildings, and others. The presence of rock mining in Plered District provides social and economic impacts on the community. The formulation of the problem in this research is how the impact of rock mining on society social and economic Plered District, how the impact on the surrounding environment and what efforts to restore environmental damage in District Plered. The purpose of this research is to know the effect of andesite stone mining on the socio-economic condition of the surrounding community, to know the effect of andesite stone mining on the physical environment, and to provide an alternative recovery solution to the physical environment caused by andesite stone. The sample in this study is the Plered Sub-district community in 16 villages adjacent to the mining area. The sample is determined by slovin method with the sample number of 100 people. Data collection techniques were conducted through interviews, questionnaires, secondary data collection from related institutions and documentation. Based on the results of the research is known that the andesite stone mining activities have an impact or impact on the socio-economic changes of the community in Plered District. The existence of mining activities provides improvements to social conditions through the improvement of educational facilities and health facilities. While the effect on the economic condition is to increase the income of Rp. 480,820,-/month, and business opportunity for Plered District community. Unlike the environmental conditions that include water and air conditions, after testing the water samples of the river, found 60% of parameters that are not suitable there are values that are above the quality standard limits of COD, BOD, CO2 and parameters that are below the quality standard DO (dissolved oxygen), TSS and pH parameters have the results of measurements that are still between standards. Mining areas in Plered Subdistrict based on land suitability analysis are mining areas that are still on unsuitable land 45%, suitable land suitability 33%, and are in condi- tive condominium 22%. Efforts to make an alternative recovery from the physical environment are to reforest or plant crops to minimize the impact of air from the mobility of mining vehicles, and to control water pollution by making water pollution and routine water quality checks.

Keywords: mining of andesite, environmental impact, social impact, economic land suitability.

Abstrak. Kegiatan pertambangan andesit di Kecamatan Plered telah berlangsung lama, kehadiran pertambangan batu andensit di Kecamatan Plered menjadi pemasukan untuk produk bahan baku peruntukan kontruksi seperti, jembatan, jalan, bangunan, dan lain-lainnya. Kehadiran pertambangan batuan di Kecamatan Plered ini memberikan dampak sosial dan ekonomi terhadap masyarakat. Perumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana dampak pertambangan batuan terhadap sosial dan ekonomi masyarakat Kecamatan Plered, bagaimana dampak terhadap lingkungan sekitar dan upaya apa untuk memulihkan kerusakan lingkungan di Kecamatan Plered. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini merupakan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pertambangan batu andesit terhadap kondisi sosial ekonomi masyarakat sekitarnya, mengetahui pengaruh pertambangan batu andesit terhadap lingkungan fisik, dan memberikan alternatif solusi pemulihan terhadap lingkungan fisik yang terjadi akibat batu andesit. Sampel dalam penelitian ini merupakan masyarakat Kecamatan Plered di 16 desa yang berdekatan langsung dengan kawasan pertambangan. Sampel ditentukan dengan metode slovin dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 100 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, daftar pertanyaan (questioner), pengumpulan data sekunder dari intansi terkait dan dokumentasi. Keberadaan kegiatan pertambangan memberikan peningkatan terhadap kondisi sosial melalui peningkatan sarana pendidikan dan sarana kesehatan. Sedangkan pengaruh terhadap kondisi ekonomi yaitu meningkatkan pendapatan sebesar Rp. 480.820,-/kk/bulan, dan peluang usaha untuk masyarakat Kecamatan Plered. Berbeda dengan kondisi lingkungan yang meliputi kondisi air dan udara, setelah dilakukan pengujian sampel air sungai, ditemukan 60% dari parameter yang tidak sesuai terdapat nilai yang berada diatas batas baku mutu yaitu parameter COD, BOD, dan parameter yang berada dibawah batas baku mutu yaitu DO(dissolved oxygen), TSS dan parameter pH memiliki hasil pengukuruan yang masih berada diantara baku mutu. Kawasan pertambangan di Kecamatan Plered berdasarkan analisis kesesuaian lahan terdapat kawasan pertambangan yang masih berada di lahan yang tidak sesuai 45%, kesesuaian lahan yang sudah sesuai 33%, dan berada di kawasan budidaya bersyarat 22%.

Kata Kunci: Pertambangan batu andesit, dampak lingkungan, dampak sosial ekonomi, kesesuaian lahan